Controlling a human parainfluenza virus-3 outbreak in a haematology ward in a tertiary hospital: the importance of screening strategy and molecular diagnostics in relation to clinical symptoms

Molecular Epidemiology of Human Parainfluenza Virus Type 3 in Children With Acute Respiratory Tract Infection in Hangzhou

“…The positivity rate for HPIV-3 was the highest in children from 6 months to 3 years old, based on our findings: The positivity rates in the 6-month to 1-year age group and 1-to 3year age group were 10.15% and 10.10%, respectively. Differing from the previous study, we found that children under the age of 1 year had the highest HPIV-3 positive rate [15]. This is further substantiated by additional research, suggesting that the probability of contracting HPIV-3 is indeed highest in children under 1 year old [19,20].…”

“…Among the four serotypes of HPIV, HPIV‐3 is the predominant type of HPIVs circulating in China, accounting for up to 90.00% of infections, and is known as an important cause of ARTI in children [15]. Among HPIV1‐3, HPIV‐3 accounts for the main proportion in our study (85.70%, 102/119).…”

Analysis of two sequential SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks on a haematology-oncology ward and the role of infection prevention

“…In this article, we describe the management of two sequential COVID-19 outbreaks in the haematology-oncology department of our hospital, which is considered to have the highest level of infection control standards of all departments in our hospital. Haematology patients are at high risk for poor outcome of COVID-19 infection [ [6] , [7] , [8] ] as well as any other viral respiratory infection, and the HCW of the department were very aware of this, having experienced an outbreak of parainfluenza-3 in the summer of 2016 [ 17 ].…”

Nosocomial human parainfluenza virus type 3 outbreak in immunocompromised patients, and possible lessons from the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

“…Sir, We read with great interest the manuscript by Iglói et al on an investigation of a human parainfluenza virus-3 (HPIV-3) outbreak in a haematology ward. This outbreak was controlled by implementing several measures including systematic screening for HPIV-3 of all newly admitted patients, wearing surgical masks by personnel and visitors, and wearing masks by patients when visiting the outpatient department or when moving through the hospital [ 1 ].…”

“…In immunocompromised patients, particularly in patients with haematological malignancies (HM) and in recipients of haematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), infection may progress to the lower respiratory tract (in up to 43% of HCT) and cause severe lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) with a mortality of up to 37% - 50% [ 2 ]. Transmission of HPIV occurs mainly via droplets, close personal contact and fomites [ 1 , 2 ]. HPIV infections spread with serotype-specific seasonal variations.…”