“…Of the 11 studies exploring actual formal help seeking, four studies found low numbers of youth reported seeking help from formal sources. Formal sources included counselors, social workers, and therapists (Alleyne-Green et al, 2015); teachers, counselors, minister, and hotline (Elias-Lambert et al, 2014); police, school, social care, and counselors (Sabina et al, 2014); and hotline and police (Watson et al, 2001). In contrast, one study found 40% of youth seek help from formal sources, including teacher, school worker, school nurse, social worker, lawyer, police, hotline, therapist, health-care professional from hospital, or minister (Ashley & Foshee, 2005).…”