Controlling properties of thermogels by tuning critical solution behaviour of ternary copolymers

Smith, Anders; Maikawa, Caitlin L.; Hernandez, Hector Lopez; Appel, Eric A.

doi:10.1039/d0py01696a

Cited by 23 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Furthermore, the LCST value of PNIPAM can be tuned by copolymerizing with other hydrophilic/hydrophobic monomers together with PNIPAM. Adding more hydrophilic monomers such as hydroxyl ethylacrylamide (HEAm) could make the LCST increase to 50 °C [ 39 ], while hydrophobic monomers such as tertbutyl acrylamide (TBAM), N-tert-butylacrylamide (NT), or butylacrylate (BA) could lower the LCST and lead to a stiffer gel [ 40 , 41 ]. Nonuniform shrinkage caused by a specific spatial arrangement of PNIPAM-based polymers with different LCST can lead to macroscopic bending, folding, twisting, and other shape transformations of the hydrogel at different temperatures, with potential use as a smart soft actuator [ 42 ].…”

Section: Thermogelling Mechanism/thermogelling Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermo-Responsive Hydrogels: From Recent Progress to Biomedical Applications

Zhang

Ke-min

Loh

2021

Gels

137

109

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Thermogels are also known as thermo-sensitive or thermo-responsive hydrogels and can undergo a sol–gel transition as the temperature increases. This thermogelling behavior is the result of combined action from multiscale thermo-responsive mechanisms. From micro to macro, these mechanisms can be attributed to LCST behavior, micellization, and micelle aggregation of thermogelling polymers. Due to its facile phase conversion properties, thermogels are injectable yet can form an in situ gel in the human body. Thermogels act as a useful platform biomaterial that operates at physiological body temperatures. The purpose of this review is to summarize the recent progress in thermogel research, including investigations on the thermogel gelation mechanism and its applications in drug delivery, 3D cell culture, and tissue engineering. The review also discusses emerging directions in the study of thermogels.

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Section: Thermogelling Mechanism/thermogelling Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermo-Responsive Hydrogels: From Recent Progress to Biomedical Applications

Zhang

Ke-min

Loh

2021

Gels

137

109

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“…Figure 4 exhibited chitosan nanoparticles' rheological behavior that showed the decrease in complex viscosity, storage, and loss modulus by increasing temperature, while it demonstrated an increase in complex viscosity, storage modulus, and loss modulus for magnetic semi IPN nanogels. MTRSI-NGs curve demonstrates that when temperature rises to higher than LCST, the value of viscosity and modulus curve rises (Huang et al 2017;Smith et al 2021). As shown in Figs.…”

Section: Lcst Analysis Of Magnetic Nanogelsmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Magnetic nanocarriers are injected intravenously. The mechanistic action of MTRSI-NGs in the body occurs by three following successions: first, magnetically conducting MTRSI-NGs to targeted tissue, second, the magnet leads to the increasing temperature of Fe 3 O 4 and then heat transfer to thermoresponsive nanogels to LCST until to protein release, third wipe out body from MTRSI-NGs (He et al 2013;Smith et al 2021;Uhrich et al 1999).Cytotoxicity of PNVCL was investigated by Han et al The results showed that PNVCL did not show toxicity with short-term cell exposure. PNVCL withstand increases in temperature, while others change from twophase to single-phase by increasing temperature (Dinari et al 2021;Fernández-Quiroz et al 2015;Siirilä et al 2019;Vihola et al 2005).Temperature responsive polymers present an excellent hydrophobic-hydrophilic balance in their structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic dual-responsive semi-IPN nanogels based on chitosan/PNVCL and study on BSA release behavior

et al. 2021

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Magnetic thermoresponsive nanogels present a promising new approach for targeted drug delivery. In the present study, bovine serum albumin (BSA) loaded thermo-responsive magnetic semi-IPN nanogels (MTRSI-NGs) were developed. At first poly(N-vinyl caprolactam) (PNVCL) was synthesized by free radical polymerization and then MTRSI-NGs were prepared by crosslinking chitosan in presence of chitosan and Fe 3 O 4 . The formation of MTRSI-NGs has been confirmed by FTIR, and the average molecular weight of PNVCL was determined by GPC analysis. Rheological and turbidimetry analysis were used to determine lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of PNVCL and magnetic thermo-responsive nanogels (MTRSI-NGs) around 32 and 37 °C, respectively. FE-SEM analysis showed particle size at less than 20 nm in the dried state. Dynamic light scattering determined particle size at about 30 nm in a swelling state. The analysis of release behavior showed that the BSA release ratio at 40 °C was faster than 25 °C. The pH release behavior was evaluated at pH 5.5 and 7.4 and showed that the drug release rate at pH 5.5 was more rapid than pH 7.4. The results show MTRSI-NGs are applicable to protein targeted delivery by thermosensitive targeted drug delivery systems. KeywordsMagnetic thermoresponsive nanogels • Poly(N-vinyl caprolactam) • Chitosan nanogel • Albumin release behavior • Target drug delivery • Semi-IPN nanogels * Morteza Ehsani

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“…2 . In contrast, the addition of N-tert-butylacrylamide (NT), tertbutyl acrylamide (TBAM), or butylacrylate (BA) hydrophobic monomers to PNIPAAM could lower its LCST and produce a stiffer hydrogel [ 109 , 110 ]. Moreover, the affinity of dried hydrogels to water drastically changes to minor alterations in the temperature.…”

Section: Smart/stimuli-responsive Hydrogelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smart/stimuli-responsive hydrogels: Cutting-edge platforms for tissue engineering and other biomedical applications

El-Husseiny

Mady

Hamabe

et al. 2022

Materials Today Bio

223

139

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Recently, biomedicine and tissue regeneration have emerged as great advances that impacted the spectrum of healthcare. This left the door open for further improvement of their applications to revitalize the impaired tissues. Hence, restoring their functions. The implementation of therapeutic protocols that merge biomimetic scaffolds, bioactive molecules, and cells plays a pivotal role in this track. Smart/stimuli-responsive hydrogels are remarkable three-dimensional (3D) bioscaffolds intended for tissue engineering and other biomedical purposes. They can simulate the physicochemical, mechanical, and biological characters of the innate tissues. Also, they provide the aqueous conditions for cell growth, support 3D conformation, provide mechanical stability for the cells, and serve as potent delivery matrices for bioactive molecules. Many natural and artificial polymers were broadly utilized to design these intelligent platforms with novel advanced characteristics and tailored functionalities that fit such applications. In the present review, we highlighted the different types of smart/stimuli-responsive hydrogels with emphasis on their synthesis scheme. Besides, the mechanisms of their responsiveness to different stimuli were elaborated. Their potential for tissue engineering applications was discussed. Furthermore, their exploitation in other biomedical applications as targeted drug delivery, smart biosensors, actuators, 3D and 4D printing, and 3D cell culture were outlined. In addition, we threw light on smart self-healing hydrogels and their applications in biomedicine. Eventually, we presented their future perceptions in biomedical and tissue regeneration applications. Conclusively, current progress in the design of smart/stimuli-responsive hydrogels enhances their prospective to function as intelligent, and sophisticated systems in different biomedical applications.

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Controlling properties of thermogels by tuning critical solution behaviour of ternary copolymers

Abstract: Thermogelling tri-block terpolymers were made from a bifunctional PEG RAFT agent. The critical solution behavior was tunable by alteration of the terpolymer composition, enabling modulation of gelation temperatures and hydrogel viscoelasticity.

Cited by 23 publications

References 23 publications

Thermo-Responsive Hydrogels: From Recent Progress to Biomedical Applications

Thermo-Responsive Hydrogels: From Recent Progress to Biomedical Applications

Magnetic dual-responsive semi-IPN nanogels based on chitosan/PNVCL and study on BSA release behavior

Smart/stimuli-responsive hydrogels: Cutting-edge platforms for tissue engineering and other biomedical applications

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