Controlling the ash adhesion strength of zhundong high-calcium coal by additives at high temperature

The Effect of Process Conditions on Powder Flow Properties for Slow Flow Regimes

“…Different apparatuses for a vertical uniaxial tensile test have been recently proposed (Liu et al, 2022;Luan and You, 2015). In the high-temperature solid bridge force device (Luan and You, 2015) (Fig.…”

“…After this phase, the two cylinders were vertically separated by a traction motor, and the tensile force was measured. Different specimen preparations were proposed by Liu et al (2022): a coal ash powder sample was extruded through a cylindrical die under 20 MPa pressure, then it was vertically suspended between two clamping tools and heated at varying temperatures between ambient and 1200 °C for 1 h. Finally, the tensile force to obtain the 9). A low-frequency sound wave generation system was implemented on top of the powder bed to obtain the fluidisation state even with very cohesive powders.…”

“…Tests were performed for various fly ashes derived from the combustion of coal and biomass particles (Horiguchi et al, 2018;Kamiya et al, 2002b;Liu et al, 2022;Tsukada et al, 2008Tsukada et al, , 2003 for mixes of silica coated with alkali met-als (Kamiya et al, 2002a) and for calcium carbonate particles (Horiguchi et al, 2022;2021b).…”

“…On the other hand, the presence of several additives, such as diatomite microparticles (Tsukada et al, 2008), alumina nanoparticles (Horiguchi et al, 2018), iron oxide (Fe 3 O 4 ) microparticles (Horiguchi et al, 2021a), and kaolin and vermiculite microparticles (Liu et al, 2022), was demonstrated to decrease the tensile strength of ashes due to the increase of interparticle porosity or to prevent the generation of eutectic compounds. These findings indicate that a strategic choice of additives to coal can reduce the increase in cohesive strength at high temperatures due to the formation of a liquid phase.…”

Phosphorus-Related Ash Chemistry at High Temperatures: Role of Aluminum on Particle Adhesion

“…It is believed that thermochemical conversion plants can be operated stably and effectively by using additives that control ash adhesion. The additive can react with ashes to form components with high melting points, resulting in suppression of melting. − We have demonstrated that highly reactive nanoparticles could be used as additives to control ash adhesion at high temperatures (700–900 °C). − Adhesiveness of the ashes has been quantified using unique equipment to measure the tensile strength of powder beds at elevated temperatures . Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , and Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles effectively decreased the tensile strength of P-containing sewage sludge incinerated ashes (Figure a). , Interestingly, even though the sewage sludge incinerated ashes contained up to 30 wt % of Al, Si, and Fe, the addition of only 3 wt % of Al, Si and Fe decreased the tensile strength at 800 °C .…”