Controlling the Output Performance of Triboelectric Nanogenerator Through Filling Isostructural Metal–Organic Frameworks With Varying Functional Groups

Abstract

combinations of metal clusters and organic linkers endow MOFs with controllable physical and chemical properties. [4][5][6][7] Over the last two decades, thousands of MOFs have been prepared and widely applied in many different fields, such as catalysis, [8,9] drug delivery, [10,11] gas separation and storage, [12][13][14][15] and biomedical imaging [16,17] due to these unique properties. Interestingly, MOFs can be purposefully functionalized with chemical groups through in situ synthesis or post-synthetic modification for some special applications without changing their structure. [18][19][20] Besides, much effort has been devoted to developing composite materials integrating MOFs crystals with polymer to further widen their application. [21,22] Triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) as an eco-friendly energy-harvesting device can effectively convert ambient mechanical energy including wind, human activities, and water flow into electrical energy. [23][24][25][26][27] The nature of the triboelectric pair materials, especially triboelectric polarity, plays an essential role in the triboelectric behaviors of TENG. As far now, most of the triboelectric materials used to assemble the TENG come from the triboelectric series which consists of a few metal and limited polymer. [28] Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is considered one of the broadest parent materials for TENG based on composite by virtue of its unique properties of transparency, high gain-electrons ability, flexibility, and easy fabrication. The surface morphology control with micro/nanostructures and surface functionalization with some appropriate functional groups can improve the output performance. [29][30][31] Zhang et al. reported a common technique to improve the energy density of TENG through a fluorocarbon plasma surface treatment. [29] Besides, adding the filler to the polymer has become a common strategy to optimize the triboelectric behaviors. [32] Most of the materials acting as fillers to fabricate composites are inorganic materials, such as graphene, [33] MXene, [34] and SrTiO 3 . [35] Recently, a few MOFs have been used in triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) as active fillers. [36][37][38] Our groups reported humidity-resistant PDMS@HKUST-1 TENG and the performance of nanocomposite TENG is not decreased when the relative humidity is increased. [36] Chen et al. reported that planarly aligning 2D MOFs nanoflakes are more excellent for improving the triboelectric behaviors of triboelectric nanogenerators than Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are recently used in triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) to enhance output performance. Although functional groups tremendously influence the output performance of TENG, the effect of functional groups for MOFs on the output performance is yet not systematically studied. In this paper, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composite TENG is designed based on isostructural UiO-66-R (R = H, NH 2 , NO 2 , and Br) family filler, and the effect of filler with various functional groups on the output performance of the TENG is fir...

Progress in techniques for improving the output performance of triboelectric nanogenerators

“…Other researchers have attempted to use composite materials with various functional groups, providing another view of functional groups that influence the output performance of TENGs. Wen et al 144 studied the influence of fillers with different functional groups on the output performance of TENGs based on the Zr-based metal-organic framework UiO-66-R (R = -H, -NH 2 , -NO 2 , -Br) family as composite materials. As shown in Fig.…”

Recent progress towards smart transportation systems using triboelectric nanogenerators

“…Many recent studies have demonstrated that mixing polymers with nanoparticles increases permittivity and, thus, charge density [63,64]. Another great method for improving charge transfer features is to graft functional groups to the polymer backbone that can gain or lose electrons by chemical modification (NH 2 , OH, F, Cl, etc) [65,66].…”

A Review of Contact Electrification at Diversified Interfaces and Related Applications on Triboelectric Nanogenerator

“…Moreover, they also have significant impact on the electronegativity of electrically frictional materials [ 51 ]. The selection of monomers containing suitable functional groups [ 52 ] and the control of monomer ratios [ 53 ] are the effective means of controlling the electronegativity of polymeric electrically charged materials. As shown in Fig.…”