Controlling the Structures, Flexibility, Conductivity Stability of Three-Dimensional Conductive Networks of Silver Nanoparticles/Carbon-Based Nanomaterials with Nanodispersion and their Application in Wearable Electronic Sensors

Abstract

This research has successfully synthesized highly flexible and conductive nanohybrid electrode films. Nanodispersion and stabilization of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were achieved via non-covalent adsorption and with an organic polymeric dispersant and inorganic carbon-based nanomaterials—nano-carbon black (CB), carbon nanotubes (CNT), and graphene oxide (GO). The new polymeric dispersant—polyisobutylene-b-poly(oxyethylene)-b-polyisobutylene (PIB-POE-PIB) triblock copolymer—could stabilize AgNPs. Simultaneously, this stabilization was conducted through the addition of mixed organic/inorganic dispersants based on zero- (0D), one- (1D), and two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, namely CB, CNT, and GO. Furthermore, the dispersion solution was evenly coated/mixed onto polymeric substrates, and the products were heated. As a result, highly conductive thin-film materials (with a surface electrical resistance of approximately 10−2 Ω/sq) were eventually acquired. The results indicated that 2D carbon-based nanomaterials (GO) could stabilize AgNPs more effectively during their reductNion and, hence, generate particles with the smallest sizes, as the COO− functional groups of GO are evenly distributed. The optimal AgNPs/PIB-POE-PIB/GO ratio was 20:20:1. Furthermore, the flexible electrode layers were successfully manufactured and applied in wearable electronic sensors to generate electrocardiograms (ECGs). ECGs were, thereafter, successfully obtained.

Enhanced Piezoelectric Properties of Poly(Vinylidenefluoride-Co-Trifluoroethylene)/Carbon-Based Nanomaterial Composite Films for Pressure Sensing Applications

“…After the amination reaction, the anhydride stretching vibration peak disappeared in the FTIR spectrum of SMAEF40-M, while the classical amide absorption peaks (−CONH) appeared at 1652 cm −1 and 1550 cm −1 . In addition, at a frequency of 3726-3130 cm −1 , a broad peak at the -OH stretching vibration peak of carboxylic acid appears, indicating that SMA EF40 and Jeffamine M1000 completed the amide reaction, and a similar change in FTIR was consistent with previous reports [30]. Figure 5a shows the mechanism by which the polymeric dispersant improves the dispersion and stability of modified carbon nanotubes (CNT- The crystallinity of the β-phase was then calculated according to the Beer-Lambert Law, and the results are shown in Table 2.…”

“…SMA-amide was synthesized based on the practice previously adopted in the laboratory [ 30 ]. Four types of styrene maleic anhydride copolymers (SMAz; z = 1000, 2000, EF40, EF80) with different benzene ring numbers were used in an amination grafting reaction with polyether monoamine (M1000, polyetheramine) in a molar ratio of 1:1 at 25 °C with tetrahydrofuran (THF) as the organic solvent, from which the star-shaped oil-soluble dispersant styrene maleic acid-amide (SMAz-M) was generated.…”

Polyurethane/Nanosilver-Doped Halloysite Nanocomposites: Thermal, Mechanical Properties, and Antibacterial Properties

“…It means that the HNT may have good dispersion property in the polyurethane. These hydroxyl groups can also form the ionic bonds with silver ions [ 30 ], so that the nanosilver particles can be coated on the surface of Halloysite much more evenly.…”

High‐Performance Stretchable Strain Sensor Based on Ag Nanoparticles Sandwiched between Two 3D‐Printed Polyurethane Fibrous Textiles

“…Stretchable strain sensors have attracted much attention for application in flexible and wearable electronics, foldable displays, and flexible energy devices. [ 1 ] To better serve these areas, such sensors are typically constructed with conductive nanofillers (e.g., nanocarbonaceous materials, [ 2 ] metallic nanostructures, [ 3 ] conductive polymers, [ 4 ] and other conductive nanomaterials [ 5 ] ) and flexible polymer substrates [ 6,7 ] for achieving high conductivity, high sensitivity, large stretchability, and long‐term durability. [ 8–11 ] However, high sensitivity and large stretchability are generally mutually exclusive because of their opposite responses to structural changes.…”