Conventional and Molecular Diagnosis of Theileriosis (Theileria annulata) in Cattle in Sulaimani Province, Northern Iraq.

Ahmed, Rebwar Ahmed; Mahmmod, Shakhawan Latif; Kakarash, Nawroz Akram; SHekh, Muhamad Omer Baba

doi:10.24271/psr.26

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…It has been postulated that a rise in the prevalence of T. annulata-caused bovine theileriosis could lead to a greater prevalence of mutations in the aforementioned areas or other functional regions of the protein, rendering the medication ineffective. Our strains may have developed resistance to the medicine due to its extensive use in the field; this is especially likely given that Iraq is an endemic region for bovine theileriosis (Hassan, 2012;Mahmoud et al, 2019;Ahmed et al, 2021;Alfatlawi et al, 2021). found numerous point mutations in the cytb gene to suggest the development of buparvaquone resistance in the parasite.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Microscopical and phylogenetic analysis of Theileria annulata in Iraqi local breed cattle

Albayati,

Al Khafaji,

kamel

et al. 2023

VIS

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The development of cattle industry in Iraq and its neighboring countries may be hampered by Theileria annulata (T. annulata) infection. In the present work, the cytochrome b gene (cyt-b) sequences were used to infer the phylogenetic relationships of T. annulata. Fifty blood samples collected randomly from 10 farms of Iraqi local breed cattle in Al-Diwaniyah province were analyzed for piroplasm using microscopic and molecular techniques. Microscopic examination revealed that 37 (74%) of the 50 blood samples examined were infected. In addition, the PCR test showed that 23 (62.2%) of the 37 blood samples (which tested positive (microscopically) were positive. The analysis of the cyt-b 1092 bp gene of T. annulata reported the presence of six genetically related clones. These six clones have been deposited in GenBank as [ON706262, ON706263, ON706264, ON706265, ON706266, and ON706267], and when compared to the T. annulata cyt-b gene (XM949625) from the GenBank database, a unique polymorphism at sixteen sites was discovered. Furthermore, the alignment of our amino acid sequences with the reference sequence reveals thirteen non-synonymous mutations in codons 11, 22, 33, 63, 103, 128, 130, 129, 172,178, and 190, and three silent mutations in codons 124, 128, and 275. Moreover, phylogenetically, our study clones were related to Iraqi, Indian, and Turkish clones. In conclusion, depending on the phylogenetic analysis the current study identified six T. annulata parasite isolates in Iraqi local breed cattle that were genetically related to the Indian, Iraqi, and Turkish clones.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Microscopical and phylogenetic analysis of Theileria annulata in Iraqi local breed cattle

Albayati,

Al Khafaji,

kamel

et al. 2023

VIS

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“…Unclotted blood was aseptically drawn from the ear vein and processed into a thin blood smear, and the smears were stained using Giemsa stain, as described by (Ahmed et al, 2021). Smears were fixed in methanol for 5 minutes.…”

Section: Giemsa Staining Of Peripheral Blood Smearmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haematological Alterations in Crossbred and Vechur Cattle Affected With Bovine Theileriosis

Kalaiyarasi,

Elayadeth-Meethal,

Deepa

et al. 2023

JIVA

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Theileria parasitises red and white blood cells. T. annulata causes bovine tropical theileriosis; T. parva causes East Coast fever; and T. orientalis causes oriental theileriosis. In tropical regions, oriental theileriosis is a serious livestock illness mainly affecting red blood cells (RBCs). This study aimed to ascertain the prevalence of theileriosis infection in animals kept at the KVASU farms that appeared to be in good health. Additionally, the study sought to explore the possible correlation between the infection of Theileria and haematological markers in crossbred and Vechur cattle. The haematological parameters and Theileria infection status of fifty adult cattle were assessed. Monocytes, PDW (platelet distribution width), RDW (RBC distribution width), MPV (mean platelet volume), MCHC, HCT, RBC, HGB, and MCV demonstrated a significant breed difference (P<0.05). The RBC, WBC, MCV, MCHC, MCH, MPV, PCT, and PDW levels differed significantly (p<0.05) between animals infected with Theileria and the uninfected controls. For RBC, WBC, HGB, MCV, MCH, MPV, and PDW, there was a significant interaction (P<0.05) between the breed and Theileria infection. RBC, MPV, and PDW significantly increased in Theileria-infected crossbred cattle. On the other hand, RBC, MCV, MCH, MPV, and PDW significantly increased (P<0.05) in infected Vechur cattle. The study's results suggest that various haematologic indicators could be used as diagnostic biomarkers for Theileria infection in crossbred and Vechur cattle.

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Conventional and Molecular Diagnosis of Theileriosis (Theileria annulata) in Cattle in Sulaimani Province, Northern Iraq.

Cited by 2 publications

References 19 publications

Microscopical and phylogenetic analysis of Theileria annulata in Iraqi local breed cattle

Microscopical and phylogenetic analysis of Theileria annulata in Iraqi local breed cattle

Haematological Alterations in Crossbred and Vechur Cattle Affected With Bovine Theileriosis

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