Conventional Pad-Dry-Cure Process for Durable- Flame and Wrinkle Resistance With Tetrakis (Hydroxymethyl) Phosphonium Hydroxide (THPOH)

Abstract

A durable-flame retardant based on tetrakis (hydroxymethyl ) phosphonium hydroxide (THPOH), urea, and trimethylolmelamine has been developed and applied to cotton fabric. The process is accomplished by padding fabric through a water solution of the three components to a wet pickup of about 75%, drying at moderate temperature, and curing at an elevated temperature. Solutions of 25-34% total solids containing the three components in a molar ratio of 2 : 4 : 1 (THPOH: urea : methylolmelamine), when applied to cotton fabrics of 8-9-oz weight, imparted flame resistance, and only minimal losses in breaking and tearing strength. The treated fabrics retained 91-95% break strength and 73-80% tear strength. Wrinkle recovery angles (W + F) of treated fabrics ranged from 280° to 306°. Wash- wear and durable-press properties are discussed. Little or no yellowing of treated fab rics was observed when bleached with sodium hypochlorite solution and scorched between heated plates. Resin add-ons of fabrics treated in this manner ranged from 15 to 19%. Flame resistance of fabrics treated by this process is retained after boiling the treated fabrics in a soap-sodium carbonate solution for 3 hr or after 15 laundering cycles.

Phosphorus-Nitrogen Flame Retardant via Copper Complex

“…3 The use of a company or product name by the Department does not imply approval or recommendation of the product to the exclusion of others which may also be suitable.…”

“…The processes most acceptable commercially have been based on tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium chloride (THPC). Recently, Beninate and coworkers have reacted THPC with NaOH to obtain a weakly basic product which is believed to be a complex mixture of products, one of which is tris(hydroxymethyl) phosphine (THPOH) [3,4]. This process involves impregnating cotton fabric with THPOH and then chemically curing the nearly dry fabric with anhydrous 1 Presented at the 17th Chemical Finishing Conference National Cotton Council of America, \Vashil1gton, D. C.; October 8-16, 1968.…”

Use of aldehydes other than formaldehyde in THPOH/ammonia flame-retardant finishes for cotton

“…The ammonia reacts with the THPOH, depositing a highly insoluble polymer within the fiber. 2,3 One problem associated with this process is the irritating odor of formaldehyde, a lachrymator, released from the THPOH during padding and d r~i n g .~,~ Methods proposed to overcome this problem include the use of less sodium hydroxide for neutralizing the tetrakis(hydroxymethy1)phosphonium chloride (Thpc) to inhibit formation of f0rmaldehyde~9~ and the use of sodium sulfite in place of all or part of the sodium hydroxide to tie up the formaldehyde as its bisulfite addition c~m p o u n d .~,~ These methods have a common disadvantageformaldehyde is a necessary ingredient in the polymer-forming reactions-and efforts to suppress one inevitably tend to suppress the other. In this paper, we shall explore the possibility of replacing formaldehyde in this process with a different aldehyde.…”

Determination of Trivalent Phosph rus in Flame-Retardant Textiles

“…Data represent triplicates of each analysis 2. Names of companies or commercial products are given solely for the purpose of providing specific information; their mention does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U. S. Department of Agriculture over others not mentioned.at The University of Iowa Libraries on June 5, 2016 trj.sagepub.com Downloaded from…”