Convergence time analysis of OSPF routing protocol using social network metrics

Waqas, Muhammad; Malik, Saif Ur Rehman; Akbar, Saeed; Anjum, Adeel; Ahmad, Naveed

doi:10.1016/j.future.2018.11.003

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…OSPF as a routing protocol uses algorithms to find optimal routing information for the source to delivery destination [12] [13]. OSPF is more extensive on complex networks that require fast convergence [14].…”

Section: Open Shortest Path Firstmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wireless Area Network Infrastructure Model on Gili Ketapang Island Using Open Shortest Path First Routing Protocol

RetnaniWulandari

Auliya

CahyaPrihandoko

et al. 2022

KINETIK

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This study aims to model the network for the archipelago and tourism on Gili Ketapang. The network model implemented is a wireless WAN network infrastructure to meet the needs of a reliable tourist area. This model implements DHCP and OSPF as the routing protocol. The methodology used is to perform simulations using a packet tracer in designing the network through several scenarios with parameters for assessing delay and packet loss. At the time of implementation, it began with a cluster area with the parameters of the number of business units spread across each hamlet. This network design utilizes OSPF, DHCP, and wireless network infrastructure resulting in the most considerable delay of 0.021 and packet loss of less than 3% so that it is included in the excellent category. The implementation results using the OSPF routing protocol, several paths do not go through the shortest path because they have to go through the backbone area, but because OSPF is a link-state, the cost is meager than the shortest path.

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Section: Open Shortest Path Firstmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wireless Area Network Infrastructure Model on Gili Ketapang Island Using Open Shortest Path First Routing Protocol

RetnaniWulandari

Auliya

CahyaPrihandoko

et al. 2022

KINETIK

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“…Hybrid optimization algorithms have been reported to be promising for certain search problems [45]. The most significant motivating property concerning the humpback whales [30] is the amazing process of hunting. They discover the prey's position and surround them.…”

Section: Hybrid Optimization Algorithm For Appropriate Cluster Head S...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Exploration phase: In the presented hybrid model, the search agent position is updated based on the GWO update, which is defined in Equation (30), where ⃗ J 1 , ⃗ J 2 and ⃗ J 3 is computed as per Equations ( 27)-( 29) and ⃗ D 𝛼 , ⃗ D 𝛽 and ⃗ D 𝛿 are computed as per Equations ( 24)- (26). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION…”

Section: Hybrid Optimization Algorithm For Appropriate Cluster Head S...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The number of works has been progressed with cluster-based routing strategy through the utilization of recent metaheuristic and machine learning algorithms [23][24][25][26][27]. Among them, optimization models like particle swarm optimization (PSO) [28] plays a vital role in clustering and CHS [29,30], respectively. Still, the need for advancement in algorithms lags the routing performance with respect to energy balancing and throughput.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hybrid optimization algorithm for security aware cluster head selection process to aid hierarchical routing in wireless sensor network

2021

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In wireless sensor networks, clustering is said to be the most noteworthy technique for increasing the lifetime of network that directly leads a better routing mechanism. This approach involves grouping of sensor nodes to clusters and choosing the appropriate cluster heads for each cluster. In fact, cluster heads gathers data from corresponding nodes in cluster and transmits those aggregated data to base station. However, the major issue in this is the selection of the appropriate cluster head. Till now, many research works have been carried out for solving this issue by considering different constraints. This paper introduces a new cluster-based routing model by selecting the optimal cluster head. Moreover, a novel algorithm known as grey wolf updated whale optimization algorithm is introduced. Here, a new multi-objective function is defined with respect to different constraints like distance, delay, security and energy, respectively. Finally, the performance of security aware clustering with grey wolf updated whale optimization algorithm is evaluated and validated over other conventional works with respect to alive node analysis, throughput and normalized network energy, respectively.This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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“…RIP is the primary and oldest routing protocol used for smaller simple networks and prevents loops in routing by limiting the number of hops. OSPF is used for more extensive complex networks that need fast convergence and preferable routing traffic (Waqas et al, 2019;D'Arienzo and Romano, 2016;Hameed and Saleh, 2021). OSPF provides efficient, reliable transport and provides scalability but has configuring, managing and memory issues for large areas.…”

Section: Ijpcc 174mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of data packet size on the performance of RIP and OSPF routing protocols in hybrid networks

Jain

Payal

Jain

2021

IJPCC

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to calculate the effect of different packet sizes 256, 512, 1,024 and 2,048 bytes on a large-scale hybrid network and analysis and identifies which routing protocol is best for application throughput, application delay and network link parameters for different packet sizes. As the routing protocol is used to select the optimal path to transfer data packets from source to destination. It is always important to consider the performance of the routing protocol before the final network configuration. From the literature, it has been observed that RIP (Routing Information Protocol) and OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) are the most popular routing protocols, and it has always been a challenge to select between these routing protocols, especially for hybrid networks. The efficiency of routing protocol mainly depends on resulting throughput and delay. Also, it has been observed that data packet size also plays an essential role in determining the efficiency of routing protocol. Design/methodology/approach To analyse the effect of different packet sizes using two routing protocols, routing information protocol (RIP) and open shortest path first (OSPF) on the hybrid network, require detailed planning. Designing the network for simulate and then finally analysing the results requires proper study. Each stage needs to be understood well for work accomplishment. Thus, the network’s simulation and evaluation require implementing the proposed work step by step, saving time and cost. Here, the proposed work methodology is defined in six steps or stages. Findings The simulation results show that both routing protocols – RIP and OSPF are equally good in terms of network throughput for all different packet sizes. However, OSPF performs better in terms of network delay than RIP routing protocol in different packet size scenarios. Research limitations/implications In this paper, a fixed network of 125 objects and only RIP and OSPF routing protocol have been used for analysis. Therefore, in the future, a comparison of different network sizes can be considered by increasing or decreasing the number of objects in the proposed network. Furthermore, the other routing protocols can be used for performance evaluation on the same proposed network. Originality/value The analysis can be conducted by simulation of the network, enabling us to develop a network environment without restricting the selection of parameters as it minimizes cost, network deployment overhead, human resources, etc. The results are analysed, calculated and compared for each packet size on different routing protocol networks individually and the conclusion is made.

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Convergence time analysis of OSPF routing protocol using social network metrics

Cited by 12 publications

References 13 publications

Wireless Area Network Infrastructure Model on Gili Ketapang Island Using Open Shortest Path First Routing Protocol

Wireless Area Network Infrastructure Model on Gili Ketapang Island Using Open Shortest Path First Routing Protocol

Hybrid optimization algorithm for security aware cluster head selection process to aid hierarchical routing in wireless sensor network

Effect of data packet size on the performance of RIP and OSPF routing protocols in hybrid networks

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