Convergence to Maastricht Criteria Being Economic Performance Criteria: Applications on Transition Countries

Abstract

Together with the destruction of Berlin Wall in 1989 and fall of The Soviets 1991, one of the basic problems of transition economies is the matter of high inflation. The underlying factor of the high and/or hyperinflation process is the rupture of input relations and its negative supply shocks. Emergence of inflationary structure brought irregularity in macroeconomic indicators, too. Many structural adjustments were created in order to lighten the effects of transition process; and improvements were tried to be done in economic indicators such as inflation interest, budget balance and foreign debt which is the reflection of current deficit. In efforts for improving basic economic indicators Maastricht criteria were accepted as the basic criteria due to the fact that they are compulsory for membership process for some transition economies and others optionally accepted them as they are examples. Therefore, in this study based on Maastricht criteria, the convergence of transition economies to these criteria were accepted as success indicator and concordantly it was studied in which proportion the policy implementations are/aren’t successful or whether they correspond to theoretical expectations. In this study it was aimed to test the matter of fact which is accepted as criteria convergence in literature and with panel data analysis it was tried to reveal whether convergence come true in terms of criteria. Hence, the difference between the countries that provided discipline and those do not provided it is found and its effects to development performance is clearly determined.

Yapısal Kırılmalar Altında Finansal Yakınsama Hipotezinin Geçerliliğine Yönelik Ampirik Kanıtlar

“…Stokastik yakınsama, büyüme oranlarının başlangıç gelir düzeyinde yatay kesit regresyonlarıyla yapılan yakınsama türlerini eleştirerek yakınsamanın varlığını test etmek için reel serilerin kullanılması gerektiğini savunurken (Nişancı ve Emsen, 2014); deterministik yakınsama, değişkenlerin logaritmasının düzey değerinde durağanlığını ifade etmesi, sabit katsayı, trend ve mevsimsellik durumlarının dikkate alınması ile yakınsa durumunu analiz etmektedir (Carlino ve Mills, 1993: 336).…”