Convergent Coding of Recent and Remote Fear Memory in the Basolateral Amygdala

Liu, Jianfeng; Totty, Michael S.; Melissari, Laila; Bayer, Hugo; Maren, Stephen

doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.12.018

Cited by 28 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…S4 ). The results obtained from these analyses are consistent with rodent studies showing CS-evoked amygdala activity lasting days to weeks after threat conditioning ( 24 , 25 ).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Temporally and anatomically specific contributions of the human amygdala to threat and safety learning

Wen

Raio

Pace‐Schott

et al. 2022

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Neural plasticity in subareas of the rodent amygdala is widely known to be essential for Pavlovian threat conditioning and safety learning. However, less consistent results have been observed in human neuroimaging studies. Here, we identify and test three important factors that may contribute to these discrepancies: the temporal profile of amygdala response in threat conditioning, the anatomical specificity of amygdala responses during threat conditioning and safety learning, and insufficient power to identify these responses. We combined data across multiple studies using a well-validated human threat conditioning paradigm to examine amygdala involvement during threat conditioning and safety learning. In 601 humans, we show that two amygdala subregions tracked the conditioned stimulus with aversive shock during early conditioning while only one demonstrated delayed responding to a stimulus not paired with shock. Our findings identify cross-species similarities in temporal- and anatomical-specific amygdala contributions to threat and safety learning, affirm human amygdala involvement in associative learning and highlight important factors for future associative learning research in humans.

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“…S4 ). The results obtained from these analyses are consistent with rodent studies showing CS-evoked amygdala activity lasting days to weeks after threat conditioning ( 24 , 25 ).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Temporally and anatomically specific contributions of the human amygdala to threat and safety learning

Wen

Raio

Pace‐Schott

et al. 2022

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…The BLA acts as a stimulus processing structure that signals downstream structures to generate fear behavior. Consistent with this, neural activity in the BLA spikes at danger stimulus onset and rapidly wanes even if the stimulus continues, suggesting that the BLA is sending an initiate signal that is interpreted by down-stream response generating structures (e. g. [53,54]). Within this model the principal response generating structure is the CN.…”

Section: Stimulus Processing Vs Response Generationmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…The canonical fear circuit serving post-encounter defense places the BLA primarily in a stimulus processing role. The BLA has neurons where CS information and US information converge and through long-term potentiation these cells will come to recognize these learned danger signals [50][51][52][53][54]. The BLA acts as a stimulus processing structure that signals downstream structures to generate fear behavior.…”

Section: Stimulus Processing Vs Response Generationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Negative valence systems: sustained threat and the predatory imminence continuum

Fanselow

2022

Emerging Topics in Life Sciences

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This review describes the relationship between the National Institute of Mental Health (U.S.A.) Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) Negative Valence System related to responses to threat and the Predatory Imminence Continuum model of antipredator defensive behavior. While the original RDoC constructs of Potential Threat (anxiety) and Acute Threat (fear) fit well with the pre-encounter and post-encounter defense modes of the predatory imminence model, the Sustained Threat construct does not. Early research on the bed nuclei of the stria terminalis (BST) suggested that when fear responding needed to be sustained for a prolonged duration this region was important. However, follow-up studies indicated that the BST becomes critical not because responses needed to be sustained but rather when the stimuli triggering fear were more difficult to learn about, particularly when aversive stimuli were difficult to accurately predict. Instead, it is argued that the BST and the hippocampus act to expand the range of conditions that can trigger post-encounter defense (Acute Threat). It is further suggested that sustained threat refers to situations where the predatory imminence continuum becomes distorted causing defensive behavior to intrude into times when organisms should be engaging in other adaptive behaviors. Stress is seen as something that can cause a long-term disturbance of the continuum and this disturbance is a state of sustained threat.

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“…Many decades of work have established that fear memories are initially encoded by a network of brain regions, including the amygdala, hippocampus, and prefrontal cortex (Maren and Quirk, 2004;Kim and Jung, 2006;Orsini and Maren, 2012;Herry and Johansen, 2014). Although the amygdala maintains long-term fear memory storage (Kim and Davis, 1993;Maren and Fanselow, 1996;Gale et al, 2004;Liu et al, 2022), the standard model of systems consolidation of memory posits that as memories age, their storage and retrieval become independent of hippocampal activity (Frankland and Bontempi, 2005). If true, this suggests the amygdala theta synchronization should shift to regions that are responsible for storing remote fear memories over time.…”

Section: Theta-range Oscillations In the Encoding Retrieval And Expre...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural Oscillations in Aversively Motivated Behavior

Totty

Maren²

2022

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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Fear and anxiety-based disorders are highly debilitating and among the most prevalent psychiatric disorders. These disorders are associated with abnormal network oscillations in the brain, yet a comprehensive understanding of the role of network oscillations in the regulation of aversively motivated behavior is lacking. In this review, we examine the oscillatory correlates of fear and anxiety with a particular focus on rhythms in the theta and gamma-range. First, we describe neural oscillations and their link to neural function by detailing the role of well-studied theta and gamma rhythms to spatial and memory functions of the hippocampus. We then describe how theta and gamma oscillations act to synchronize brain structures to guide adaptive fear and anxiety-like behavior. In short, that hippocampal network oscillations act to integrate spatial information with motivationally salient information from the amygdala during states of anxiety before routing this information via theta oscillations to appropriate target regions, such as the prefrontal cortex. Moreover, theta and gamma oscillations develop in the amygdala and neocortical areas during the encoding of fear memories, and interregional synchronization reflects the retrieval of both recent and remotely encoded fear memories. Finally, we argue that the thalamic nucleus reuniens represents a key node synchronizing prefrontal-hippocampal theta dynamics for the retrieval of episodic extinction memories in the hippocampus.

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Convergent Coding of Recent and Remote Fear Memory in the Basolateral Amygdala

Cited by 28 publications

References 51 publications

Temporally and anatomically specific contributions of the human amygdala to threat and safety learning

Temporally and anatomically specific contributions of the human amygdala to threat and safety learning

Negative valence systems: sustained threat and the predatory imminence continuum

Neural Oscillations in Aversively Motivated Behavior

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