Convergent strike-slip across the Dead Sea Fault in northern Israel, imaged by high-resolution seismic reflection data

Weinberger, R.; Schattner, Uri; Medvedev, B.; Frieslander, U.; Sneh, Amihai; Harlavan, Yehudit; Gross, Michael R.

doi:10.1560/ijes.58.3-4.203

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Equivalent correlation appears in Karak graben (Bender, 1974), Miocene dikes across Sinai (Bartov et al, 1980;Baldridge et al, 1991), and across the Harrat Ash Shaam volcanic field (Feraud et al, 1985;Mor, 1986;Giannérini et al, 1988;Brew et al, 2001;Al Kwatli et al, 2012). The strips of alkaline volcanism across the Arabian Plate represent the beginning of Miocene volcanism (Camp and Roobol, 1992;Weinstein, 2000;Ilani et al, 2001). We therefore suggest that the faulting and volcanism of the southern Galilee also follow weak lineaments in the lithosphere.…”

Section: Failed Rifts and Magmatismmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Scopus Group; J -Judea Group. and Weinberger, 2008;Weinberger et al, 2010) uplifted the Lebanese restraining bend ( Fig. 1; e.g., Walley, 1998;Gomez et al, 2006Gomez et al, , 2007.…”

Section: Regional Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Baer et al (2006) dated the eruption at Givat Hamore to 13.5 Ma. Geochemical analysis of volcanic products suggests that the lithosphere of the Galilee has been rich with veins that fed the Miocene magmatism (Weinstein, 2000). Some of the volcanic sources (e.g., dikes ;Hatzor, 1988;Shaliv, 1991) follow the southern boundary faults of the basins, suggesting a possible connection ( Figs.…”

Section: First Stage (20-9 Ma)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural expression of a fading rift front: a case study from the Oligo-Miocene Irbid rift of northwest Arabia

et al. 2019

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Abstract. Not all continental rifts mature to form a young ocean. The mechanism and duration of their cessation depend on the crustal structure, modifications in plate kinematics, lithospheric thermal response, or the intensity of subcrustal flow (e.g., plume activity). The cessation is recorded in the structure and stratigraphy of the basins that develop during the rifting process. This architecture is lost due to younger tectonic inversion, severe erosion, or even burial into greater depths that forces their detection by low-resolution geophysical imaging. The current study focuses on a uniquely preserved Oligo-Miocene rift that was subsequently taken over by a crossing transform fault system and, mostly due to that, died out. We integrate all geological, geophysical, and previous study results from across the southern Galilee to unravel the structural development of the Irbid failing rift in northwest Arabia. Despite tectonic, magmatic, and geomorphologic activity postdating the rifting, its subsurface structure northwest of the Dead Sea fault is preserved at depths of up to 1 km. Our results show that a series of basins subsided at the rift front, i.e., rift termination, across the southern Galilee. We constrain the timing and extent of their subsidence into two main stages based on facies analysis and chronology of magmatism. Between 20 and 9 Ma grabens and half-grabens subsided within a larger releasing jog, following a NW direction of a deeper presumed principal displacement zone. The basins continued to subside until a transition from the transtensional Red Sea to the transpressional Dead Sea stress regime occurred. With the transition, the basins ceased to subside as a rift, while the Dead Sea fault split the jog structure. Between 9 and 5 Ma basin subsidence accentuated and an uplift of their margins accompanied their overall elongation to the NNE. Our study provides for the first time a structural as well as tectonic context for the southern Galilee basins. Based on this case study we suggest that the rift did not fail but rather faded and was taken over by a more dominant stress regime. Otherwise, these basins of a failing rift could have simply died out peacefully.

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Section: Failed Rifts and Magmatismmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Scopus Group; J -Judea Group. and Weinberger, 2008;Weinberger et al, 2010) uplifted the Lebanese restraining bend ( Fig. 1; e.g., Walley, 1998;Gomez et al, 2006Gomez et al, , 2007.…”

Section: Regional Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: First Stage (20-9 Ma)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural expression of a fading rift front: a case study from the Oligo-Miocene Irbid rift of northwest Arabia

et al. 2019

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“…The transition of the DST from the Hula basin to the Lebanese restraining bend is complex, with deformation distributed across several faults and structural blocks. This area (Figure 2), which is the focus of the present study, was intensively studied through geological mapping (Sneh & Weinberger, 2003b), mesostructure and magnetic-fabric analyses (Levi & Weinberger, 2011;Weinberger et al, 2009), interpretation of highresolution seismic reflection profiles (Schattner & Weinberger, 2008;Weinberger et al, 2010), and U-Th dating . These studies suggest that the area was subjected to partitioned transpression, in which the simple shear component was accommodated by discrete N-S trending sinistral strike-slip faults (Figure 3a The late Pleistocene activities along strike-slip faults and calcite veins were previously elucidated by U-Th ages and are attributed to episodes of N-S shearing (faults) or N-S dilation (veins) in conjunction with E-W contraction dominant phases .…”

Section: 1029/2019tc005645mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the Dead Sea Transform Kinematics on Adjacent Volcanic Activity

et al. 2020

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The Dead Sea Transform (DST) cuts through the northwestern edge of the Harrat ash Shaam volcanic field of western Arabia. The relation of the DST to adjacent volcanic activity has varied during the last 5 Ma. While Pliocene volcanism erupted on both shoulders of the DST and thick sections of volcanics accumulated along its axis, Pleistocene volcanic activity gradually abandoned the transform area while continued farther east. This was concomitant with the increase of transform-normal (E-W) contraction along the adjacent transpressive Metulla block at the DST northern sector. New geochronology of Pleistocene volcanic rocks from the Golan Heights (Ar-Ar) and of syntectonic and post-tectonic calcite precipitates (U-Th) from Metulla block reveals temporal association of volcanic dormancy and intensity of the transpressive regime. This includes volcanic cessations during 600-220 ka and post 100 ka, which coincided with growth episodes of several~E-W striking veins within the adjacent Metulla block. New high-resolution U-Th ages of calcite-filled vein record the exact timing of these growth episodes to 340-240 and 53-16 ka, which is in accordance with the renewed activity along N-S strike-slip faults during 220-60 ka, manifested by U-Th ages of calcite precipitates on striated fault planes. The temporal association of volcanic dormancy and enhanced transpression, while volcanic activity and increased strike-slip activity, suggests that continental transforms may act both as inhibitors and as facilitators to magmatic activity. Switching between intermediate and least principal stresses might be the underline mechanism for stress dissipation and relaxation at a time scale of 100 ka.Plain Language Summary The Dead Sea Transform (DST), a plate boundary fault running 1,000 km from the northwestern tip of the Red Sea toward Turkey, cuts through the northern part of the large volcanic area of Harrat ash Shaam in western Arabia. We show that although not being a driving force for the volcanism itself, the stress field associated with the DST occasionally facilitated volcanism along its axis and shoulders, while in other times (e.g., Recent), it functioned as an inhibitor to volcanism, which during the Pleistocene caused activity to abandon the DST area and migrate eastward, toward the center of the Harrat ash Shaam volcanic field.

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“…3). Further north, increased transpressional motion along the DSF (Freund, 1970;Schattner and Weinberger, 2008;Weinberger et al, 2010) uplifted the Lebanese restraining bend ( Fig. 1, e.g., Walley, 1998;Gomez et al, 2006;Gomez et al, 2007).…”

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confidence: 99%

Structural expression of a fading rift front, a case study from the Oligo-Miocene Irbid rift of northwest Arabia

Wald¹,

Segev²,

Ben‐Avraham³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Abstract. Not all continental rifts mature to form a young ocean. The mechanism and duration of their cessation depend on the crustal structure, modifications in plate kinematics, lithospheric thermal response, or intensity of sub-crustal flow (e.g., plume activity). The cessation is recorded in the structure and stratigraphy of the basins that develop during the rifting process. This architecture is lost due to younger tectonic inversion, severe erosion or even burial into greater depths that forces their detection by low-resolution geophysical imaging. The current study focuses on a uniquely preserved Oligo-Miocene rift that was subsequently pirated by a crossing transform fault system and as a result died out. We integrate all geological, geophysical and results from previous studies from across the Southern Galilee to unravel the structural development of the Irbid failing rift, of Northwest Arabia. Despite tectonic, magmatic and geomorphologic activity postdating the rifting, its subsurface structure is preserved at depths of up to 1 km. Our results show that a series of basins subsided at the rift front, across the southern Galilee. We constrain the timing and extent of their subsidence into two main stages, based on facies analysis and chronology of magmatism. Between 20–9 Ma grabens and half-grabens subsided within a larger releasing jog, following an NW direction of a deeper presumed Principal Displacement Zone. The basins continued to subside until a transition from the Red Sea to Dead Sea stress regime occurred. With the transition, the basins ceased to subside as a rift, while the Dead Sea Fault split the jog structure. Between 9–5 Ma basin subsidence accentuated and an uplift of their margins accompanied their overall elongation to the NNE. Our study provides for the first time a structural as well as tectonic context to the southern Galilee basins. Based on this case study we suggest that the rift did not fail but rather faded and was taken over by a more dominant stress regime. Otherwise, these basins of a failing rift could have simply died out peacefully.

show abstract

Convergent strike-slip across the Dead Sea Fault in northern Israel, imaged by high-resolution seismic reflection data

Cited by 10 publications

References 20 publications

Structural expression of a fading rift front: a case study from the Oligo-Miocene Irbid rift of northwest Arabia

Structural expression of a fading rift front: a case study from the Oligo-Miocene Irbid rift of northwest Arabia

Impact of the Dead Sea Transform Kinematics on Adjacent Volcanic Activity

Structural expression of a fading rift front, a case study from the Oligo-Miocene Irbid rift of northwest Arabia

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