Convergent validity, academic correlates and age- and SES-based normative data for the d2 Test of attention in children

Filippetti, Vanessa Arán; Gutiérrez, Marisel; Krumm, Gabriela Liliana; Mateos, Diego M.

doi:10.1080/21622965.2021.1923494

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…In our cohort of young adults, participants with high food-security status had better cognitive function outcomes compared with those with low food-security status. Our findings are congruent with previous studies in children that have found a correlation between SES and d2 task performance (73). Low SES children scored much lower on the d2 task performance compared to higher SES children (refs) suggesting that food security and SES are interlinked (74).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

A Cross-sectional Analysis of Food Perceptions, Food Preferences, Diet Quality, and Health in a Food Desert Campus

Aldaz

Ortiz

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The sensory properties of foods guide food choices and intake, importantly determining nutritional and health status. In communities that have inconsistent access to nutritious foods, such as food deserts, the food taste perceptions and preferences have yet to be explored. The paucity of data pertaining to food perceptions, preferences, and choices and the complex relationship of socioeconomic status (SES), race/ethnicity, and sex on cardiometabolic and cognitive health warrants further examination. Two hundred fifty participants (aged 18-24 years) living in a food desert campus were recruited for this cross-sectional study where participants underwent taste tests on selected fruits, vegetables, and nuts, and clinical tests (anthropometrics, blood glucose, blood pressure, and endothelial function), cognitive function tests (memory and attention), diet quality assessment (HEI), and food preference and perception assessments. Food taste intensities were influenced by sex with bitter and umami taste intensities of several foods being perceived more intensely by males. Moreover, food liking was largely influenced by ethnicity with Hispanics having higher liking ratings for several foods compared with non-Hispanics. Both, Hispanics and females, had higher total fruit HEI scores and lower attention scores than non-Hispanics and males respectively. Females also had lower blood pressure, reactive hyperemia index, and fasting blood glucose. Food-insecure individuals rated cost and convenience as more important factors for overall food consumption and had lower attention scores than those with higher food-security status. Future research should consider the complex interactions of factors such as taste and flavor perception, sex, ethnicity, prior exposure to foods, and other environmental factors when studying food preferences and health in young adults.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

A Cross-sectional Analysis of Food Perceptions, Food Preferences, Diet Quality, and Health in a Food Desert Campus

Aldaz

Ortiz

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…The d2 test of attention is sometimes considered to measure inhibitory control (Arán Filippetti et al, 2022; Benitez-López et al, 2019; Grinspun et al, 2020) and was therefore included in this study. In this task, participants viewed a series of 14 trials, each of which presented a horizontal array of 36 “d”s or “p”s with zero to two lines above and zero to two lines below each letter.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for response inhibition as a control process distinct from the common executive function: A two-study factor analysis.

Shields,

Yonelinas

2024

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cogni

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The dominant model of executive functions, which has held for over two decades, contends that various aspects of seemingly disparate forms of inhibitory control—for example, inhibiting a prepotent response, or inhibiting irrelevant thoughts and distractions—are in fact manifestations of a single latent executive function. Recent work, however, has cast doubt on this dominant model, as certain conditions can dissociate performance on tasks thought to index inhibitory control. Moreover, issues related to task reliability and latent estimation of inhibition processes have prompted questions about whether the structure of inhibitory control can even be reliably estimated at a latent level. We addressed these issues in two studies of healthy young adults (Study 1 N = 154, Study 2, N = 279), examining seven then 12 different tasks taken by prior research to assess inhibitory control. Contrary to the dominant model of executive functions, we found that, at a latent level, inhibitory control was best fit by a replicable two-factor solution, with response inhibition as a distinct executive function. Further, our data suggested that prior work on executive functions may not have observed a response inhibition factor due to task selections (i.e., including either one of two specific tasks was critical to identifying a separate response inhibition factor). Therefore, contrary to the current primary theoretical model of executive functions, these results suggest that response inhibition is, in fact, a distinct control process from the control process underpinning other forms of inhibition, which has important implications for designing interventions and assessing outcomes related to inhibitory control.

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“…Los resultados señalaron que el d2 presenta consistencia interna y es una medida válida de la precisión y velocidad de la exploración visual. Recientemente, algunas investigaciones se han dirigido a verificar la validez de puntajes específicos del d2 (Arán Filippetti et al, 2021;Baghaei et al, 2019;Steinborn et al, 2018). En una muestra de universitarios de Costa Rica, la investigación de Pawlowski (2020) evaluó la confiabilidad y evidencias de la validez convergente, encontrando que las variables TR, TA, TOT y CON del test d2 son las más fiables, y que las pruebas Claves, Dígitos orden directa, Trail Making Test -Parte A, la página palabra-color del test Stroop y Cancelación Atención selectiva, edad y frecuencia de lectura como predictores del rendimiento académico de estudiantes universitarios de Física y Meteorología Josiane Pawlowski, David Torres Fernández y Mario Cubero.…”

Section: Variables De Estudio E Instrumentosunclassified

Atención selectiva, edad y frecuencia de lectura como predictores del rendimiento académico de estudiantes universitarios de Física y Meteorología

Pawlowski

Torres

Campos

2021

Lim

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La atención es una parte esencial del proceso de aprendizaje. Los estudiantes más jóvenes y con mejores habilidades de atención selectiva suelen presentar calificaciones más altas. También el hábito de lectura puede favorecer los resultados académicos. El objetivo de la investigación fue verificar si los resultados en la prueba de atención d2, la edad y los hábitos de lectura y escritura pueden predecir el rendimiento académico de estudiantes universitarios. Fue realizado un estudio cuantitativo, transversal, de alcance correlacional y explicativo, en que 196 estudiantes universitarios, 103 mujeres y 93 hombres, de 18 a 35 años, 99 que cursaban la carrera de Psicología y 97 de la carrera de Física o Meteorología contestaron el Test de Atención d2 y una escala breve de frecuencia de lectura y escritura. Las calificaciones fueron obtenidas al final del semestre o cuatrimestre de estudio. Los resultados en la prueba de atención d2 pueden predecir las calificaciones de estudiantes de la carrera de Física y Meteorología, pero no las de estudiantes de Psicología. La frecuencia de lectura de libros y la edad también están relacionados con el rendimiento de estos estudiantes. Se discute respecto a la viabilidad de utilizar un puntaje específico de la prueba d2 para predecir el desempeño de los estudiantes de Ciencias Básicas.

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Convergent validity, academic correlates and age- and SES-based normative data for the d2 Test of attention in children

Cited by 8 publications

References 61 publications

A Cross-sectional Analysis of Food Perceptions, Food Preferences, Diet Quality, and Health in a Food Desert Campus

A Cross-sectional Analysis of Food Perceptions, Food Preferences, Diet Quality, and Health in a Food Desert Campus

Evidence for response inhibition as a control process distinct from the common executive function: A two-study factor analysis.

Atención selectiva, edad y frecuencia de lectura como predictores del rendimiento académico de estudiantes universitarios de Física y Meteorología

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