Conversations About Ethnicity and Discrimination: Who Matters More? Parents Versus Friends

Hu, Amanda; Lee, Joyce P.; Kim, Oh Myo

doi:10.1037/e633522012-001

Cited by 1 publication

(5 citation statements)

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“…This finding goes somewhat against the prevailing view that peers play a more prominent role than parents in adolescence (Harris, 1995). However, it is consistent with the Hu and colleagues (2012) study that found adoptive parents are still considered the primary socialization for this adoptive cohort. It may be that what is most important is the quality, not the frequency or quantity, of socialization that may contribute to ethnic identity development.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Although most attention is placed on the role of parents in ethnic socialization, peers serve as equally important socialization agents (Hu et al, 2012; Syed, 2012; Rivas-Drake, Umaña-Taylor, Schaefer, & Medina, 2017; Yip, Douglass, & Shelton, 2013). Ethnic socialization among peers is more likely to occur during adolescence when adolescents seek more autonomy from parents and are more influenced by peer relationships (Harris, 1995).…”

Section: Ethnic Socializationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, talking about ethnicity-related issues with intraethnic friends may keep that identity active in one’s mind. In transracial, transnational adoptive families, parents were the most frequent ethnic socialization agents for transracially adopted adolescents, but conversations with peers in general, regardless of ethnic or racial similarity, regarding ethnicity had a greater association with transracially, transnationally adopted adolescents’ ethnic identity development (Hu et al, 2012). These findings suggest peers – whether intraethnic, intraracial or not – are a crucial aspect of ethnic socialization and may serve different roles depending on the age of the target individual.…”

Section: Ethnic Socializationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ethnic socialization is often viewed as a parent-driven process that contributes to ethnic identity development, but there is growing evidence that ethnic socialization becomes more peer-driven during adolescence (Hu, Kim, Lee & Lee, 2012). This shift in socialization agents is consistent with the broader socialization literature (Harris, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The current study examined children who were between the ages of 7 to 12 in 2007. Other studies have examined adolescents between the ages of 13 to 20 in 2007 (Hu et al, 2015; Hu et al, 2012; Lee et al, 2015). These studies used data from the same dataset, but different age cohorts.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ethnic socialization and ethnic identity development among internationally adopted Korean American adolescents: A seven-year follow-up.

Hu¹,

Zhou²

2017

Developmental Psychology

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The relationship between ethnic socialization by parents and peers and ethnic identity development was examined over a seven-year time span in a sample of 116 internationally adopted Korean American adolescents. Parent report data was collected in 2007 (T1) when the adopted child was between 7–13 years old and again in 2014 at ages 13–20 years old (T2). Adolescent report data also was collected in 2014. We examined differences in parent and adolescent reports of parental ethnic socialization at T2, changes in parent reports of ethnic socialization from T1 to T2, and the relationship among ethnic socialization by parents at T1 and T2, ethnic socialization by peers at T2, and ethnic identity exploration and resolution at T2. Results indicated parents reported higher levels of parental ethnic socialization than did adolescents at T2. Parent-reports of parental ethnic socialization also decreased between childhood and adolescence. Adolescents reported higher parental ethnic socialization than peer ethnic socialization at T2. Path analysis demonstrated positive indirect pathways among parental ethnic socialization at T1, parental ethnic socialization and peer ethnic socialization at T2, and ethnic identity exploration and ethnic identity resolution at T2. The study highlights the cultural experiences of transracial, transnational adopted individuals, the role of both parents and peers in ethnic socialization and ethnic identity development, and the importance of longitudinal and multi-informant methodology.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%