Conversion of photons into gravitons and vice versa in a static electromagnetic field

Boccaletti, Dino; Sabbata, V. de; Fortini, P.; Gualdi, C.

doi:10.1007/bf02710177

Cited by 117 publications

(127 citation statements)

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“…Due to energy conservation and exchange among the oscillators, the wave amplitudes lie on a multidimensional sphere, reminiscent of neutrino flavor oscillations. This phenomenon has implications for cosmological scenarios based on flavor-space locked gauge fields.In a remarkable series of papers starting with the work of Gertsenshteyn [1], the authors showed that a gravitational wave propagating through a stationary magnetic field converts into an electromagnetic wave and back again [2][3][4]. Now that gravitational waves have been directly detected [5], no doubt there will be searches for this effect [6].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a remarkable series of papers starting with the work of Gertsenshteyn [1], the authors showed that a gravitational wave propagating through a stationary magnetic field converts into an electromagnetic wave and back again [2][3][4]. Now that gravitational waves have been directly detected [5], no doubt there will be searches for this effect [6].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To do so, we consider its Cartan subalgebra whose N − 1 dimensional basis elements each can be used to form linearly independent SU(2) subgroups, N of which do not share any generators, where N is the largest integer less than or equal to N/2. Hence for SU (3) there is only N = 1 such subgroup, but for SU(4) and SU (5) there are N = 2.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Gravitational wave–Gauge field oscillations

2016

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Gravitational waves propagating through a stationary gauge field transform into gauge field waves and back again. When multiple families of flavor-space locked gauge fields are present, the gravitational and gauge field waves exhibit novel dynamics. At high frequencies, the system behaves like coupled oscillators in which the gravitational wave is the central pacemaker. Due to energy conservation and exchange among the oscillators, the wave amplitudes lie on a multidimensional sphere, reminiscent of neutrino flavor oscillations. This phenomenon has implications for cosmological scenarios based on flavor-space locked gauge fields.In a remarkable series of papers starting with the work of Gertsenshteyn [1], the authors showed that a gravitational wave propagating through a stationary magnetic field converts into an electromagnetic wave and back again [2][3][4]. Now that gravitational waves have been directly detected [5], no doubt there will be searches for this effect [6].Here we consider the more general phenomenon of the conversion of a gravitational wave into a stationary gauge field, as may be present in the early stages of the Universe [7][8][9]. In particular, we show that gravitational waves transform into tensor waves of a gauge field, disappearing and reappearing much like neutrino flavor oscillations. More complicated oscillation patterns are possible for multiple families of gauge fields. Quantization of these gravitational and gauge field tensor modes reveals a novel relationship between the energy and flavor eigenstates that may leave an imprint on a spectrum of primordial gravitational waves, or even suggest a new mechanism for the origin of a primordial spectrum.We consider a gauge field under general relativity,with metric signature − + ++, M P is the reduced Planck mass, and L m represents any other fields that may be present. We take an SU(2) fieldwhere g Y is the Yang-Mills coupling and the vector notation indicates direction in the three-dimensional flavor space. It is essential for this effect that the gauge field have a vacuum expectation value (vev), the analog of a stationary electric or magnetic field. To match the symmetries of our cosmological spacetime, we build a homogeneous and isotropic configuration as recently considered in the context of cosmic acceleration for inflation [7][8][9] or dark energy [10][11][12]. We work in the timelike gauge, so that A t = 0, and require that the remaining components, one per each group generator, be spatially independent in order to ensure homogeneity. Isotropy is then achieved by identifying the global symmetry of SU(2) with the rotational O(3) symmetry of Euclidean space. Hence, we write A µ = φ(τ ) e µ where e µ is a set of three mutually orthogonal, spacelike basis vectors. That is, the vector fields for flavors 1, 2, 3 point along the x, y, z directions, and we call this configuration flavorspace locked. The equation of motion in an expanding spacetime with line element ds, which may be solved exactly in terms of elliptic Jacobi functions. The...

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Gravitational wave–Gauge field oscillations

2016

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“…It is known that, to first order in h, s propagating along a uniform magnetic field do not couple to the field, neither in vacuum (Boccaletti et al 1970), nor in a plasma Papadopoulos et al 2001) so we studied -propagation perpendicular to the magnetic field frozen into a plasma. An intuitive illustration of the process is given in Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The coupling between gravitational waves and electromagnetic waves (s) in a magnetized vacuum has been investigated extensively over the past 40 years by a number of authors (Gertsenshtein 1961;Lupanov 1967;Boccaletti et al 1970;Zel'dovich 1973;Gerlach 1974). These studies demonstrate the coherent excitation of s by a monochromatic  propagating perpendicularly to a background magnetic field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gravitational and magnetosonic waves in gamma-ray bursts

Moortgat¹,

Kuijpers²

2003

A&A

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Abstract.One of the possible sources of gamma-ray bursts (s) are merging, compact neutronstar binaries. More than 90% of the binding energy of such a binary is released in the form of gravitational waves (s) in the last few seconds of the spiral-in phase before the formation of a black hole. In this article we investigate whether a fraction of this  energy is transferred to magnetohydrodynamic waves in the magnetized plasma wind around the binary. Using the 3 + 1 orthonormal tedrad formalism, we study the propagation of a monochromatic, plane fronted, linearly polarized  perpendicular to the ambient magnetic field in an ultra-relativistic wind, first in the comoving and then in the observer frame. A closed set of general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic () equations is derived in the form of conservation laws for electric charge, matter energy, momentum and magnetic energy densities. We linearize the  equations under the action of a monochromatic , which acts as a driver and find that fast magneto-acoustic waves grow, with amplitudes proportional to the  amplitude and frequency and the strength of the background magnetic field.

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Exact Plane Gravitational Waves and Electromagnetic Fields

Montanari

Calura

2000

Annals of Physics

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The behaviour of a "test" electromagnetic field in the background of an exact gravitational plane wave is investigated in the framework of Einstein's general relativity. We have expressed the general solution to the de Rham equations as a Fourier-like integral. In the general case we have reduced the problem to a set of ordinary differential equations and have explicitly written the solution in the case of linear polarization of the gravitational wave. We have expressed our results by means of Fermi Normal Coordinates (FNC), which define the proper reference frame of the laboratory. Moreover we have provided some gedanken experiments, showing that an external gravitational wave induces measurable effects of non tidal nature via electromagnetic interaction. Consequently it is not possible to eliminate gravitational effects on electromagnetic field, even in an arbitrarily small spatial region around an observer freely falling in the field of a gravitational wave. This is opposite to the case of mechanical interaction involving measurements of geodesic deviation effects. This behaviour is not in contrast with the principle of equivalence, which applies to arbitrarily small region of both space and time.

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Conversion of photons into gravitons and vice versa in a static electromagnetic field

Cited by 117 publications

References 1 publication

Gravitational wave–Gauge field oscillations

Gravitational wave–Gauge field oscillations

Gravitational and magnetosonic waves in gamma-ray bursts

Exact Plane Gravitational Waves and Electromagnetic Fields

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