Conversion of Solid Organic Wastes into Oil via Boettcherisca peregrine (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) Larvae and Optimization of Parameters for Biodiesel Production

Abstract

The feedstocks for biodiesel production are predominantly from edible oils and the high cost of the feedstocks prevents its large scale application. In this study, we evaluated the oil extracted from Boettcherisca peregrine larvae (BPL) grown on solid organic wastes for biodiesel production. The oil contents detected in the BPL converted from swine manure, fermentation residue and the degreased food waste, were 21.7%, 19.5% and 31.1%, respectively. The acid value of the oil is 19.02 mg KOH/g requiring a two-step transesterification process. The optimized process of 12∶1 methanol/oil (mol/mol) with 1.5% H2SO4 reacted at 70°C for 120 min resulted in a 90.8% conversion rate of free fatty acid (FFA) by esterification, and a 92.3% conversion rate of triglycerides into esters by alkaline transesterification. Properties of the BPL oil-based biodiesel are within the specifications of ASTM D6751, suggesting that the solid organic waste-grown BPL could be a feasible non-food feedstock for biodiesel production.

Optimization of the Production of Enzymatic Biodiesel from Residual Babassu Oil (Orbignya sp.) via RSM

“…Among the properties of biodiesel, the lowest acid value and the highest ester content in biodiesel propose that the lipase-catalyzed process is a promising alternative to the chemically catalyzed process [58]. The density and viscosity of babassu biodiesel obtained are lower than those reported by [58]; this is because these properties are negatively influenced by the reduction in the length of the carbon chain of the oil used as raw material and the structure of the ethyl ester of individual fatty acids [88,89]. Figure 4 shows the conversion in ethyl esters produced after different cycles of reuse using Novozym ® 435, under optimal conditions of reactions.…”

Production of Biodiesel from Various Sources

“…The different plant sources that are used for biodiesel production in a country depends upon the availability and cost of the plant oil produced from plant sources grown in that country [7]. However, using edible oils as feedstock for biodiesel production is very costly and therefore could not be commercialized [13]. Non-edible oils like Mathuca indica, Shorea robusta, Pongamia glabra, Mesua spp., Mallotus philillines, Garcinea indica, Jatropha curcas, Salvadova spp., Nicotiana tabacum, rice bran oil, Azadirachta indica, Hevea brasiliensis and castor oil are the prominent sources for biodiesel production.…”

“…The advantage of using titanium is that it improves the catalytic stability by substituting Ti ions in place of Mg ions in the defective magnesia lattice [24]. Boettcherisca peregrine larvae are capable of growing on solid organic wastes and could be used for biodiesel production [13]. Hermetia illucens larva and Chrysomya megacephala are capable of growing on organic wastes like pig manure and restaurant garbage and they could also be used for the production of biodiesel [13].…”

“…Boettcherisca peregrine larvae are capable of growing on solid organic wastes and could be used for biodiesel production [13]. Hermetia illucens larva and Chrysomya megacephala are capable of growing on organic wastes like pig manure and restaurant garbage and they could also be used for the production of biodiesel [13].…”

“…Boettcherisca peregrine larva, capable of growing on solid organic wastes, could be used for biodiesel production by the two-step trans-esterifi cation process using a methanol to oil molar ratio of 12:1 in the presence of H 2 SO 4 (1.5% w/w) as an acid catalyst. In the next step, triglycerides are converted to esters by alkaline trans-esterifi cation [13]. Processed Jatropha curcas seed oil that has a high content of free fatty acids could be reduced by a treatment of oil with methanol to oil ratio (0.60 w/w) in the presence of acid catalysis H 2 SO 4 (1% w/w) [12].…”