Conversion of Waste Into Energy

Abstract

Waste management is currently a priority for everyone. Everyone today focuses on reducing, reusing and recycling our waste. Nevertheless, the best solution is to recover energy from the rest of the waste. The reason is that this part is a sustainable part of the waste management chain, which makes it possible to produce valuable and renewable energy. This sector is among the cleanest in Europe by reducing emissions of pollutants from operations, which convert waste into energy, which is subject to the strictest regulations in the world. The aim of the proposed article is to evaluate the use of waste for energy use in the Czech Republic. Thermal decomposition of waste, the aim of which is to obtain energy, can be carried out in several ways. The facilities for energy utilization of solid alternative fuels from municipal waste include so-called multi-fuel boilers, cement plants, heating plants and power plants using co-firing together with coal or equipment directly intended for energy utilization of these fuels. The use of alternative fuels in large energy installations is still rather rare. The article presents the results and confirms the results of studies that capacity facilities for energy recovery of waste are insufficient in the conditions of the Czech Republic, both in terms of capacity and technology. In addition to its own facilities, the necessary infrastructure for waste transport was also assessed from a conceptual point of view. One third to half of the waste is transported over a distance of 10 to 20 km. This is related to the supply of heat to the central heat supply, where the facility for energy recovery of waste is located at the place of waste production.