Converting Alkali Lignin to Biofuels over NiO/HZSM‐5 Catalysts Using a Two‐Stage Reactor

Cheng, Shouyun; Wei, Lin; Zhao, Xianhui; Julson, James; Kadis, Ethan

doi:10.1002/ceat.201600539

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…It can be used to produce biofuels . For example, Cheng et al converted alkali lignin to biofuels over NiO/HZSM-5 catalysts in a two-stage catalytic pyrolysis system . Beauchet et al converted kraft lignin to biofuels and aromatic-based chemicals using NaOH as a catalyst in a continuous-flow reactor …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poplar as Biofiber Reinforcement in Composites for Large-Scale 3D Printing

Zhao

Tekinalp

Meng

et al. 2019

ACS Appl. Bio Mater.

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The economic viability of the biofuel industry could be improved by adding a high-value revenue stream for biomass supply chains: bioderived composites for the rapidly expanding large-scale additive manufacturing industry (i.e., 3D printing). Using fibrillated fibers derived from biomass (e.g., Populus) to reinforce polymers for 3D printing applications would be less expensive compared to using conventional carbon fibers. Poplar fibers of different mesh sizes (<180, 180−425, 425−850, and 850−2360 μm) were used to prepare poplar−polylactic acid (PLA) composites. The poplar/PLA composites were successfully printed using a large-scale 3D printer to create a podium support. The tensile strength of the composites increased from 34 to 54 MPa as the poplar fiber size decreased. The fracture surfaces of composites derived from smaller poplar fibers (<180 μm) were more compact with fewer voids compared with the composites made with larger poplar fibers. Because of the porous and hollow microstructures, smaller poplar fibers contained more pores on their outer surfaces, which were available for the access and penetration of PLA. Poplar has potential for use as a thermoplastic reinforcement for large-scale 3D printing.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poplar as Biofiber Reinforcement in Composites for Large-Scale 3D Printing

Zhao

Tekinalp

Meng

et al. 2019

ACS Appl. Bio Mater.

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“…The zeolites (HZSM‐5 and MCM‐41) used for the catalytic cracking of the bio‐oil were made to order by Nankai University Catalyst Co., Ltd. (Tianjin, China). The transition metal‐containing zeolite catalysts, including Fe/MCM‐41, Cu/MCM‐41, Co/MCM‐41, and Zn/HZSM‐5, were prepared by the impregnation method , . Briefly, the zeolites were impregnated in the corresponding metal nitrate solution for one night, followed by rotary evaporation for 6 h. Then, the dried samples were calcined at 550 °C for 5 h and crushed to 40–60 mesh before use.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio‐Oil as a Potential Biomass‐Derived Renewable Raw Material for Bio‐Phenol Production

et al. 2018

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A route for directional conversion of bio‐oil into phenol by means of coupling the catalytic cracking of the bio‐oil with the hydroxylation of the bio‐oil‐based benzene‐rich aromatics is proposed. High selectivity for phenol in the resulting organic liquid was achieved, with an almost complete conversion of the bio‐oil. Co‐cracking of the bio‐oil with methanol over a Zn‐modified zeolite significantly enhanced the yields of aromatics and decreased the deactivation of the catalyst during the catalytic cracking of the bio‐oil. The phenol yield depended on the metal oxide catalysts, the temperature, and the reaction time during hydroxylation of the benzene‐rich aromatics. The reaction pathway of converting bio‐oil into phenol was elucidated based on the products identified and the characterization of the catalysts.

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“…They have been applied not only in gasification, but also in other technologies such as pyrolysis and torrefaction. For example, we previously studied the pyrolysis of alkali lignin to biofuel using a two-staged reactor (pyrolysis and catalytic reactor) [68]. The alkali lignin and catalyst were individually loaded into the pyrolysis and catalytic reactor, respectively.…”

Section: Applications Of a Multi-staged Reactormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The alkali lignin and catalyst were individually loaded into the pyrolysis and catalytic reactor, respectively. The alkali lignin was successfully converted into biofuel at a biofuel yield of 28 wt% [68]. Guzelciftci et al [69] studied the pyrolysis of wood using a two-staged reactor system (auger and fluidized bed reactors).…”

Section: Applications Of a Multi-staged Reactormentioning

confidence: 99%

Solid Waste Gasification: Comparison of Single- and Multi-Staged Reactors

Zhao¹,

Li²,

Lamm³

et al. 2021

Gasification [Working Title]

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Interest in converting waste into renewable energy has increased recently due to concerns about sustainability and climate change. This solid waste is mainly derived from municipal solid waste (MSW), biomass residue, plastic waste, and their mixtures. Gasification is one commonly applied technology that can convert solid waste into usable gases, including H2, CO, CH4, and CO2. Single- and multi-staged reactors have been utilized for solid waste gasification. Comparison in reactor dimensions, operating factors (e.g., gasification agent, temperature, and feed composition), performance (e.g., syngas yield and selectivity), advantages, and disadvantages are discussed and summarized. Additionally, discussion will include economic and advanced catalysts which have been developed for use in solid waste gasification. The multi-staged reactor can not only be applied for gasification, but also for pyrolysis and torrefaction.

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Converting Alkali Lignin to Biofuels over NiO/HZSM‐5 Catalysts Using a Two‐Stage Reactor

Cited by 8 publications

References 68 publications

Poplar as Biofiber Reinforcement in Composites for Large-Scale 3D Printing

Poplar as Biofiber Reinforcement in Composites for Large-Scale 3D Printing

Bio‐Oil as a Potential Biomass‐Derived Renewable Raw Material for Bio‐Phenol Production

Solid Waste Gasification: Comparison of Single- and Multi-Staged Reactors

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