Conveying Uncertainties Using Peripheral Awareness Displays in the Context of Automated Driving

Kunze, Alexander; Summerskill, Stephen J.; Marshall, Russell; Filtness, Ashleigh J.

doi:10.1145/3342197.3344537

Cited by 35 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Uncertainty communication has been shown to be beneficial. Previous work has found improved safety measures [13] and faster take-over times [15,16,20], as well as accompanying changes in gaze behavior [15,16,20]. Furthermore, it was found that drivers showed a more appropriate trust calibration [13,15,18] and gave higher acceptance ratings for such systems [13] compared to baseline conditions.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Feeling Uncertain—Effects of a Vibrotactile Belt that Communicates Vehicle Sensor Uncertainty

et al. 2020

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With the rise of partially automated cars, drivers are more and more required to judge the degree of responsibility that can be delegated to vehicle assistant systems. This can be supported by utilizing interfaces that intuitively convey real-time reliabilities of system functions such as environment sensing. We designed a vibrotactile interface that communicates spatiotemporal information about surrounding vehicles and encodes a representation of spatial uncertainty in a novel way. We evaluated this interface in a driving simulator experiment with high and low levels of human and machine confidence respectively caused by simulated degraded vehicle sensor precision and limited human visibility range. Thereby we were interested in whether drivers (i) could perceive and understand the vibrotactile encoding of spatial uncertainty, (ii) would subjectively benefit from the encoded information, (iii) would be disturbed in cases of information redundancy, and (iv) would gain objective safety benefits from the encoded information. To measure subjective understanding and benefit, a custom questionnaire, Van der Laan acceptance ratings and NASA TLX scores were used. To measure the objective benefit, we computed the minimum time-to-contact as a measure of safety and gaze distributions as an indicator for attention guidance. Results indicate that participants were able to understand the encoded uncertainty and spatiotemporal information and purposefully utilized it when needed. The tactile interface provided meaningful support despite sensory restrictions. By encoding spatial uncertainties, it successfully extended the operating range of the assistance system.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…This might become especially problematic in automated driving, where the driver is likely to be engaged in a non-driving task. Thus, the use of visual displays for communicating uncertainty carries the risk of disuse or an increase in perceptual workload [16,20].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeling Uncertain—Effects of a Vibrotactile Belt that Communicates Vehicle Sensor Uncertainty

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Another experiment investigated how anticipatory driving can be supported using different color coding and animation of LEDs, thus leading to a reduction in speed [23]. Kunze et al [22] recently proposed an ambient display provide feedback to drivers of Level 3 automated vehicles about the uncertainty of the automation to increase their take-over performance. Also, Löcken et al [27] used an ambient light display to visualize upcoming maneuvers to passengers during highway travel.…”

Section: In-vehicle Ambient Light Displaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Instead of displaying the car's intentions (as [27]) or uncertainty (as [22]), our goal is to calibrate the driver's trust by displaying the trajectory of the car or by showing possible collision objects, similar to the approach of Wintersberger et al [48]. We hypothesize that showing the trajectory and objects in a conflicting trajectory provides a better user experience, focusing on efficiency, attractiveness, and perspicuity, than just showing potentially dangerous objects.…”

Section: Contributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing User Experience and Trust in Automated Vehicles via an Ambient Light Display

Löcken

Frison

Fahn

et al. 2020

22nd International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction With Mobile Devices and Services

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“…We looked at studies that included take over requests or unexpected driving situations, to get an understanding of the used scenarios in autonomous driving studies. From seven selected papers just one indicated a real life event for their chosen simulated driving scenario [36]. In other cases [37,41,54], the chosen scenario was based on assumptions of the autonomous vehicle's limitations.…”

Section: Extracting Scenariosmentioning

confidence: 99%

“I’d like an Explanation for That!”Exploring Reactions to Unexpected Autonomous Driving

Wiegand

Eiband

Haubelt

et al. 2020

22nd International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction With Mobile Devices and Services

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Autonomous vehicles are complex systems that may behave in unexpected ways. From the drivers' perspective, this can cause stress and lower trust and acceptance of autonomous driving. Prior work has shown that explanation of system behavior can mitigate these negative effects. Nevertheless, it remains unclear in which situations drivers actually need an explanation and what kind of interaction is relevant to them. Using thematic analysis of real-world experience reports, we first identified 17 situations in which a vehicle behaved unexpectedly. We then conducted a think-aloud study (N = 26) in a driving simulator to validate these situations and enrich them with qualitative insights about drivers' need for explanation. We identified six categories to describe the main concerns and topics during unexpected driving behavior (emotion and evaluation, interpretation and reason, vehicle capability, interaction, future driving prediction and explanation request times). Based on these categories, we suggest design implications for autonomous vehicles, in particular related to collaboration insights, user mental models and explanation requests. CCS CONCEPTS • Human-centered computing → HCI theory, concepts and models; Empirical studies in HCI ; Scenario-based design.

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Conveying Uncertainties Using Peripheral Awareness Displays in the Context of Automated Driving

Cited by 35 publications

References 49 publications

Feeling Uncertain—Effects of a Vibrotactile Belt that Communicates Vehicle Sensor Uncertainty

Feeling Uncertain—Effects of a Vibrotactile Belt that Communicates Vehicle Sensor Uncertainty

Increasing User Experience and Trust in Automated Vehicles via an Ambient Light Display

“I’d like an Explanation for That!”Exploring Reactions to Unexpected Autonomous Driving

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