Cooling Configuration Design Considerations for Long-Length HTS Cables

Demko, J. A.; Duckworth, R. C.

doi:10.1109/tasc.2009.2018453

Cited by 35 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Neglecting the thermal resistance of the solid conduction in the cable, by simply applying convection heat transfer to the inner and outer cable surfaces, produces conservative results. An approach to incorporate the solid conduction from the cable is discussed in [6]. It includes the conduction resistance from half of the cable build in series with the convection.…”

Section: Theoretical Basismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heat Transfer Experiments and Analysis of a Simulated HTS Cable

Demko¹,

Duckworth²,

Gouge³

et al. 2010

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Long-length high temperature superconducting (HTS) cable projects, over 1 km, are being designed that are cooled by flowing liquid nitrogen. The compact counter-flow cooling arrangement which has the supply and return stream in a single cryostat offers several advantages including smallest space requirement, least heat load, and reduced cost since a return cryostat is not required. One issue in long length HTS cable systems is the magnitude of the heat transfer radially through the cable. It is extremely difficult to instrument an HTS cable in service on the grid with the needed thermometry because of the issues associated with installing thermometers on high voltage components. A 5-meter long test system has been built that simulates a counter-flow cooled, HTS cable using a heated tube to simulate the cable. Measurements of the temperatures in the flow stream and on the tube wall can be made and compared to analysis. These data can be used to benchmark different HTS cable heat transfer and fluid flow analysis approaches.

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Section: Theoretical Basismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies of superconducting cable systems on the electric grid have been published providing approaches to analyze the thermal hydraulics in these systems [1][2][3][4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat Transfer Experiments and Analysis of a Simulated HTS Cable

Demko¹,

Duckworth²,

Gouge³

et al. 2010

AIP Conference Proceedings

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show abstract

“…The refrigeration power for large current superconductor systems, such as for electrical power distribution, is dominated by current lead losses [1,2,3]. The use of multiple cooling stages between room temperature and ~ 70 K was investigated previously as means to decrease the refrigeration power [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient and lightweight current leads

Bromberg

Dietz

Michael

et al. 2014

AIP Conference Proceedings

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“…Several studies of superconducting cable systems on the electric grid have been published providing approaches to analyze the thermal hydraulics in these systems [1][2][3][4][5][6]. In the counterflow cooling arrangement the liquid nitrogen flows through the HTS cable former, providing cooling to the terminations as well as the cable and returns in the annulus between the outside of the cable and the inner cryostat wall as illustrated in FIGURE 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study of counterflow cooling using a test loop to simulate the thermal characteristics of a HTS cable system

Demko¹

2012

AIP Conference Proceedings

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The counterflow cooling configuration is a compact, efficient, and relatively low cost thermal management approach for long-length HTS cable systems. In the counter-flow cooling configuration the coolant flow, typically liquid nitrogen, is initially supplied through the center of the cable turning around at the far end of the cable and returning through the annular space between the cable and the inner cryostat wall, using a single cryostat. The temperature distributions along the cable and the nitrogen flow streams are extremely difficult to measure in an operating HTS cable because of the issues associated with installing thermometers on high voltage components. A 5-meter long test loop has been built that simulates a counter-flow cooled, HTS cable using a heated metal tube to simulate the cable. The test loop contains calibrated thermometers to measure the temperature distribution along the tube and the return liquid nitrogen stream. Measured temperature distributions in the return flow stream and along the tube wall for varying flow rates and heating conditions to simulate a HTS cable are presented and discussed.

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Cooling Configuration Design Considerations for Long-Length HTS Cables

Cited by 35 publications

References 13 publications

Heat Transfer Experiments and Analysis of a Simulated HTS Cable

Heat Transfer Experiments and Analysis of a Simulated HTS Cable

Efficient and lightweight current leads

Experimental study of counterflow cooling using a test loop to simulate the thermal characteristics of a HTS cable system

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