Cooperation and Competition Between Relatives

West, Stuart A.; Pen, Ido; Griffin, Ashleigh S.

doi:10.1126/science.1065507

Cited by 709 publications

(669 citation statements)

References 44 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

649

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In any given population, the fitness of an altruistic gene is dependent on the structure of the population [3,4,27,28]. Our results show that high relatedness can be obtained by structured growth and genetic drift without a small initial group size (figure 2a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Structured growth and genetic drift raise relatedness in the social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

One condition for the evolution of altruism is genetic relatedness between altruist and beneficiary, often achieved through active kin recognition. Here, we investigate the power of a passive process resulting from genetic drift during population growth in the social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum. We put labelled and unlabelled cells of the same clone in the centre of a plate, and allowed them to proliferate outward. Zones formed by genetic drift owing to the small population of actively growing cells at the colony edge. We also found that single cells could form zones of high relatedness. Relatedness increased at a significantly higher rate when food was in short supply. This study shows that relatedness can be significantly elevated before the social stage without a small founding population size or recognition mechanism.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Structured growth and genetic drift raise relatedness in the social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It has been shown that genetic relatedness alone might be insufficient for maintaining the stable cooperation [36,50], and that repression or policing is also required in the evolution of cooperation [5052]. The necessity of repression or punishment of cheaters or competitors that take food or service without reciprocal reward was widely proven in previous studies [30,53,54].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial heterogeneity and host repression in fig-fig wasp mutualism

Wang

Wen

Chen

et al. 2015

Sci. China Life Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

It is generally believed that physical heterogeneity in common resource or evolutionary restraint can sufficiently prevent direct conflict between host and symbionts in mutualism systems. Our data on fig/fig wasp reciprocal mutualism (Ficus racemosa), however, show that structural barriers of female flowers or genetic constraints of pollinators previously hypothesized exist, but cannot sufficiently maintain the mutualism stability. The results show that a positive relationship between seed and wasp production could be maintained in warm season, which might be because of density dependence restraint among foundresses and their low oviposition and pollination efficiency, keeping common resource (female flowers) utilization unsaturated. Whilst, a negative correlation between wasp offspring and viable seed production was also observed in cold season, which might be that the increased oviposition and pollination efficiency maximized the common resource utilization. The fitness trade-off between fig and pollinator wasps is greatly affected by environmental or ecological variations. The local stability might result from temporal low exploitation efficiency of pollinators together with interference competition among pollinators. We suggest that host repression through the active regulation of bract closure, which can create interference competition among the foundresses and prevent extra more foundresses sequential entry in fruit cavities, would help the figs avoiding the cost of over-exploitation. This essentially takes the same role as sanctioning of cheating or competitive behaviors.

show abstract

“…Evolutionary studies of cooperative interactions have focused on the selective advantages of cooperating, how cooperation is organized, whether cheating a cooperative system can occur, and how cheaters are controlled (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11). These studies generally, but not always, focus on within-species interactions and have been behaviorally oriented.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of cooperation and control of cheating in a social microbe

Strassmann

Queller

2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

194

200

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Much of what we know about the evolution of altruism comes from animals. Here, we show that studying a microbe has yielded unique insights, particularly in understanding how social cheaters are controlled. The social stage of Dictylostelium discoideum occurs when the amoebae run out of their bacterial prey and aggregate into a multicellular, motile slug. This slug forms a fruiting body in which about a fifth of cells die to form a stalk that supports the remaining cells as they form hardy dispersal-ready spores. Because this social stage forms from aggregation, it is analogous to a social group, or a chimeric multicellular organism, and is vulnerable to internal conflict. Advances in cell labeling, microscopy, single-gene knockouts, and genomics, as well as the results of decades of study of D. discoideum as a model for development, allow us to explore the genetic basis of social contests and control of cheaters in unprecedented detail. Cheaters are limited from exploiting other clones by high relatedness, kin discrimination, pleiotropy, noble resistance, and lottery-like role assignment. The active nature of these limits is reflected in the elevated rates of change in social genes compared with nonsocial genes. Despite control of cheaters, some conflict is still expressed in chimeras, with slower movement of slugs, slightly decreased investment in stalk compared with spore cells, and differential contributions to stalk and spores. D. discoideum is rapidly becoming a model system of choice for molecular studies of social evolution.kin selection | kin recognition | multicellularity | major transitions

show abstract

Cooperation and Competition Between Relatives

Cited by 709 publications

References 44 publications

Structured growth and genetic drift raise relatedness in the social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum

Structured growth and genetic drift raise relatedness in the social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum

Spatial heterogeneity and host repression in fig-fig wasp mutualism

Evolution of cooperation and control of cheating in a social microbe

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About