Cooperative Multiple Agent-Based Algorithm for Evacuation Planning for Victims with Different Urgencies

Vehicle Routing Optimisation in Humanitarian Operations: A Survey on Modelling and Optimisation Approaches

“…Meanwhile the aerial vehicle routing for an evacuation plan is addressed in [124]. The characteristic of the helicopters as rescue vehicle and the urgency level of the victim is captured through the concept of agent-based modelling.…”

“…Finally, the current trends of modelling and solution approaches applied in the scope of this survey based on year are presented below in Figures 36-39 for clearer depiction. In general, the modelling of classified VRPs in this survey can be divided by those adopting graph theory (such as the minimum cost flow model and spanning tree model), agent based model, such as in [113,119,124], among others, the set partitioning model, as can be seen in [51], and the MDP model. There is also a trend of the combined OR problem that also addressed the VRP to fully capture the important mechanism of humanitarian operations, such as the LRP, which can be seen in [42,44,48,73,74,77,79,89,138,139], followed by the LIRP in [80,81], scheduling and routing in [85,92], ARP in [96], as well as ALRP in [57].…”

“…From these models, various interesting and complex problems are addressed. As a general trend, it could be seen that most work addressed split delivery, such as in [34,42,46,47,[49][50][51]61,71,73,75,76,78,81,83,85,87,94,96,102,116,123,128,158] and multi-trip VRP that can be seen in [31,47,50,61,76,88,90,94,97,98,124,126,129], ref. [134,149,159] normally stressed on the problem of vehicle limitations such as the numbers of vehicle or the fuel limitation.…”

“…Additionally, the routing problem is not unique to just land vehicles. Some works, such as [60,64,74,152], only address drone routing, while [63,124] addresses the helicopter routing. To that note, the trend of cooperation between drones and vehicles in enabling more sophisticated emergency operation could also be observed, as can be seen in [64,95].…”

“…Other heuristics that are not commonly applied in this scope include Best Time Flow Insertion heuristic and Lagrangian Relaxation based heuristic. Furthermore, a tailored heuristic could be seen in [124], with the cooperative multi-agent based algorithm heuristic.…”