Cooperative Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radio Networks in the Presence of the Primary User Emulation Attack

Abstract

Abstract-In recent years, the security issues of the cognitive radio (CR) networks have drawn a lot of research attentions. Primary user emulation attack (PUEA), as one of common attacks, compromises the spectrum sensing, where a malicious user forestalls vacant channels by impersonating the primary user to prevent other secondary users from accessing the idle frequency bands. In this paper, we propose a new cooperative spectrum sensing scheme, considering the existence of PUEA in CR networks. In the proposed scheme, the sensing information of different secondary users is combined at a fusion center and the combining weights are optimized with the objective of maximizing the detection probability of available channels under the constraint of a required false alarm probability. We also investigate the impact of the channel estimation errors on the detection probability. Simulation and numerical results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme in cooperative spectrum sensing in the presence of PUEA.Index Terms-Cognitive radio, cooperative spectrum sensing, primary user emulation attack, security, optimization.

Trust-based data fusion mechanism design in cognitive radio networks

“…In [12], the sensing information of SUs is weighted to maximize the detection probability of available channels under the constraint of a required false alarm probability. However, the scheme only considers sensing errors from the SUs without considering the malicious behavior of SUs.…”

“…[16] proposes a decentralized scheme utilizing spatial correlation of received signal strengths and aggregating decisions based on a neighborhood majority voting approach for the secondary users to decide malicious users. However, a common problem related to the works cited above [12]- [16] is that they cannot distinguish a fake sensing outcome reported by a malicious SU from an erroneous outcome reported by a good SU with poor sensing capability.…”

Maximum Utility Function Approach for Detection of Primary User Emulation Attack in Cognitive Radio Networks

“…In [6], a Received Signal Strength (RSS)-based localization defense strategy under the PUEA is proposed to determine the location of PUEA by deploying sensor network. Collaborative sensing in the presence of PUEA is investigated in [7], where the Fusion Center (FC) assigns an appropriate weight to each CR user's sensing measurement and then combines them to maximize detection probability in NeymanPearson (N-P) test. In [8], the authors introduce a smart PUEA which is aware of the PU activity and performs spectrum sensing and sends the fake signals with the desired signal occurrence over special frequency band.…”

Cooperative spectrum sensing in the presence of primary user emulation attack in cognitive radio network: multi-level hypotheses test approach

“…A new CSS scheme in the presence of PUEA is investigated in [19], in which FC assigns an appropriate weight to each CR user's energy and combines them to maximize detection probability in Nyman-Pierson criteria. The PUEA is assumed to be always present in wireless channel, which is in contradiction with the true definition of PUEA, and is not practical and efficient for the attacker because it leads to a waste of energy since in time intervals where the PU is present, the attacker has to consume power.…”