Coordinate Regulation of β-Lactamase Induction and Peptidoglycan Composition by the Amp Operon

Tuomanen, Elaine; Lindquist, Susanne; Sande, Stephen; Galleni, Moreno; Light, K.J.; Gage, Douglas A.; Normark, Staffan

doi:10.1126/science.1987637

Cited by 50 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The first indication that this gene may play a critical role in cell-wall recycling stemmed from observations of its influence on blactamase induction [165]. Its specific role as an amidase in recycling was confirmed when it was noticed that the loss of ampD resulted in the accumulation of GlcNAc-anhMurNAc with peptide chains [163,164].…”

Section: Nagzmentioning

confidence: 97%

Cell-wall recycling and synthesis in Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa – their role in the development of resistance

Dhar

Kumari

Balasubramanian

et al. 2018

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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The bacterial cell-wall that forms a protective layer over the inner membrane is called the murein sacculus -a tightly crosslinked peptidoglycan mesh unique to bacteria. Cell-wall synthesis and recycling are critical cellular processes essential for cell growth, elongation and division. Both de novo synthesis and recycling involve an array of enzymes across all cellular compartments, namely the outer membrane, periplasm, inner membrane and cytoplasm. Due to the exclusivity of peptidoglycan in the bacterial cell-wall, these players are the target of choice for many antibacterial agents. Our current understanding of cell-wall biochemistry and biogenesis in Gram-negative organisms stems mostly from studies of Escherichia coli. An incomplete knowledge on these processes exists for the opportunistic Gram-negative pathogen, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In this review, cell-wall synthesis and recycling in the various cellular compartments are compared and contrasted between E. coli and P. aeruginosa. Despite the fact that there is a remarkable similarity of these processes between the two bacterial species, crucial differences alter their resistance to b-lactams, fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides. One of the common mediators underlying resistance is the amp system whose mechanism of action is closely associated with the cell-wall recycling pathway. The activation of amp genes results in expression of AmpC blactamase through its cognate regulator AmpR which further regulates multi-drug resistance. In addition, other cell-wall recycling enzymes also contribute to antibiotic resistance. This comprehensive summary of the information should spawn new ideas on how to effectively target cell-wall processes to combat the growing resistance to existing antibiotics.

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Section: Nagzmentioning

confidence: 97%

Cell-wall recycling and synthesis in Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa – their role in the development of resistance

Dhar

Kumari

Balasubramanian

et al. 2018

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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“…However, ampD mutants of E. coli accumulate cell wall peptides in the growth medium [40]. Additionally, in the simultaneous presence of exogenous A.,pm and a functional ampD genes E. coli increases the number of pentapeptides in the murein; this implicates ampD in the general regulation of murein carboxypeptidase activity [40]. In the inducible bacteria A,pm functions as a non-specific inducer of AmpC expression [41].…”

Section: Control Of the Inducible Ampc ]~-Lac-tamasementioning

confidence: 99%

Coordinate regulation of murein peptidase activity and AmpC β‐lactamase synthesis in Escherichia coli

Bishop¹,

Weiner²

1992

FEBS Letters

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In the periplasmic space of F.sche~'ichia coil, the (L)-m-A,pm-(D)-m-A,pm pcptid¢, the lipoprotein, and the AmpC fl-lactamas¢ are controlled by growth rate. To explain this coordinate regulation, it is proposed that the AmpC protein functions as an LD-endopeptidase in addition to its known function as a fl-lactamas¢. As LD-peptides, vo-peptides and fl-lactams are structurally similar, to-peptidases may belong to the larger family of DD-peptidases and serine ~-lactamases. In contrast to K coll. many related bacteria possess an inducible AmpC protein. Several gene systems necessary for AmpC induction are known to affect various aspects of peptidoglyean metabolism, It is proposed that AmpC induction ¢o=urs indirectly via a recyclabl¢ e¢ll wall pcptid¢.

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“…These interspecific activities may also reflect more general regulatory functions of genes ampG (cumG) and ampD (cumD) in an ubiquitous metabolic pathway of Gram-negative bacteria, and several lines of evidence point to an involvement of these genes in the metabolism of the cell wall peptidoglycan (Tuomanen et al, 1991 ;Lindquist et al, 1993;Tolg et al, 1993). …”

Section: Ggtctcttccgttacaaaaattaacag C F C a T T A A G C C T G T mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Common System Controls the Induction of Very Different Genes

Datz

Joris

Azab

et al. 1994

European Journal of Biochemistry

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Among the Enterobacteriaceae, Proteus vulgaris is exceptional in the inducible production of a 29‐kDa β‐lactamase (cefuroximase) with an unusually high activity towards the β‐lactamase‐stable oximino‐cephalosporins (e.g. cefuroxime and cefotaxime). Sequencing of the corresponding gene, cumA, showed that the derived CumA β‐lactamase belonged to the molecular class A. The structural gene was under the direct control of gene cumR, which was transcribed backwards and whose initiation codon was 165 bp away from that of the β‐lactamase gene. This resembled the arrangement of structural and regulator genes ampC and ampR of the 39‐kDa molecular‐class‐C β‐lactamase AmpC present in many enterobacteria. Moreover, cloned genes ampD and ampG for negative modulation and signal transduction of AmpC β‐lactamase induction, respectively, were also able to restore constitutively CumA overproducing and non‐inducible P. vulgaris mutants to the inducible, wild‐type phenotype. The results indicate that controls of the induction phenomena are equivalent for the CumA and AmpC β‐lactamase. Very different structural genes can thus be under the control of identical systems.

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Coordinate Regulation of β-Lactamase Induction and Peptidoglycan Composition by the Amp Operon

Cited by 50 publications

References 13 publications

Cell-wall recycling and synthesis in Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa – their role in the development of resistance

Cell-wall recycling and synthesis in Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa – their role in the development of resistance

Coordinate regulation of murein peptidase activity and AmpC β‐lactamase synthesis in Escherichia coli

A Common System Controls the Induction of Very Different Genes

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