Coordinated Charging of Large Electric Vehicle Fleet in a Charging Station With Limited Transformer Power

Optimal Electric Vehicle Fleet Charging Management with a Frequency Regulation Service

“…The main contribution of this paper, compared to the previously investigated literature, is to propose an optimal EV fleet charging management system that takes into account the power dependence of charger efficiencies, and which extends our previous work [20] (which is significantly improved upon) to the case of bidirectional charging. In detail, the contributions highlighting the proposed strategy are to…”

“…Others, such as [1,[12][13][14][15][16] use the optimization approach to find the optimal charging power. Other methods based on fuzzy logic, deep reinforcement learning, and priority models have been used in [17][18][19][20].…”

Optimized time step for electric vehicle charging optimization considering cost and temperature

“…The authors in [15] formulated the smart charging approach as an optimization problem, aiming at minimizing the EVs charging cost considering the day-ahead electricity price, the battery degradation cost and uncertainties in EVs arrival and departure time. In [16] a coordinated charging strategy has been proposed to manage the EV fleet charging considering the charging infrustructure and the EV' users satisfaction.…”

“…In the literature various charging strategies have been proposed. Nevertheless, all of them use a constant sampling period or fixed time step defined before starting the optimization [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. In the event of a fluctuation of energy prices of a few seconds within a long planning optimization window, the charging scheduling will cause an important issue with a huge number of steps.…”