Coordinated shift control of nonsynchronizer transmission for electric vehicles based on dynamic tooth alignment

Research on Precise Tracking Control of Gear-Shifting Actuator for Non-Synchronizer Automatic Mechanical Transmission Based on Sleeve Trajectory Planning

“…Y Lei et al [2] proposed a double closed-loop PID control system based on fuzzy self-adaptation, and simulation results demonstrate that the shift actuator achieves stability within 130 ms, exhibiting fast response speed, high control accuracy, and excellent stability. In [12][13][14][15], an electromagnetic actuator is designed, and ADRC is employed to enhance the tracking accuracy of the synchronization process. The comparison between simulation and experimental results validates the effectiveness of the proposed control approach, offering a novel solution for AMT gear-shifting systems.…”

“…Recent research has extensively explored active angle alignment control as a means of synchronizing the speed of the sleeve with that of the target gear through coordinated regulation of the shift actuator and drive motor [19][20][21]. This approach aims to minimize shift time and mitigate impact during shifting [6,14,22]. As a result of the precise control of the engagement of the sleeve with the target gear, the teeth of the sleeve can smoothly enter the tooth groove of the gear ring without any collision, thereby achieving a shifting process characterized by minimal impact and zero tooth collision.…”

“…Based on each stage's dynamic characteristics in the model, a gear-shifting control strategy incorporating speed active synchronization and angle active synchronization is devised to ensure precise synchronization between the sleeve and joint gear ring during gear shifts. The collision process between the sleeve and the target gear ring, considering tooth-side chamfering, was analyzed and simulated by Xiaotong Xu et al [14,21]. The collision stiffness was calculated using the Monte Carlo method and equivalent depth.…”