Coordination between chromosome replication and cell division in Escherichia coli

Tang, Min; Helmstetter, Charles E.

doi:10.1128/jb.141.3.1148-1156.1980

Cited by 19 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…This result appears to be inconsistent with that in E. coli, where, under normal conditions, cell division requires the termination protein (19) or a signal ( 16) which is emitted immediately after the termination of DNA replication. Recently, however, from the observations with dnaC and dnal mutants of E. coli B/r (36) and earlier observations with recA and lexA mutants of E. coli (17,18), Tang and Helmstetter (36) suggested that the termination of DNA replication was not a mandatory requirement for cell division in the mutants. Their suggestion was based on the concept that the timing of cell division would be determined solely by the division-specific pathway as long as DNA replication is completed before initiation of septum formation (14,36).…”

Section: CDmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Recently, however, from the observations with dnaC and dnal mutants of E. coli B/r (36) and earlier observations with recA and lexA mutants of E. coli (17,18), Tang and Helmstetter (36) suggested that the termination of DNA replication was not a mandatory requirement for cell division in the mutants. Their suggestion was based on the concept that the timing of cell division would be determined solely by the division-specific pathway as long as DNA replication is completed before initiation of septum formation (14,36). In B. Subtilis, DNA termination and segregation have already occurred when septum formation begins (27,29,34).…”

Section: CDmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Timed action of the gene products required for septum formation in the cell cycle of Bacillus subtilis.

Miyakawa¹,

Komano²,

Maruyama³

1982

Journal of Bacteriology

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Four isogenic strains of temperature-sensitive septationless mutants, whose mutations are located on different genes, were used to study the periods of action of the gene products required for the initiation of septum formation during the cell cycle of Bacillus subtilis. The shift-up experiments, in which portions of a synchronous culture of each mutant were transferred to the nonpermissive temperature, showed that the transition point, at which cells attained the ability to divide at the nonpermissive temperature in the cell cycle, was strain specific. Furthermore, the heat shock experiments, in which portions of a synchronous culture were subjected to the nonpermissive temperature before the transition point for a fixed period and shifted back to the permissive temperature, showed that the time interval between the shift-back and the subsequent cell division was specific to each strain but was independent of the age of heat shock. These results led us to the idea that the initiation of septum formation in B. subtilis requires the timed action of the four gene products, each of which functions at a specific stage in the cell cycle. In addition, the result with DNA elongation mutant MK-526, which is also septation defective, supported our previous findings that the initiation of septum formation requires the termination of DNA replication in the previous cell cycle.

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Section: CDmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: CDmentioning

confidence: 98%

Timed action of the gene products required for septum formation in the cell cycle of Bacillus subtilis.

Miyakawa¹,

Komano²,

Maruyama³

1982

Journal of Bacteriology

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“…Flow cytometry analysis of a standard experiment with strain PC2. Strain PC2 has been used in numerous cell cycle studies (6,22,23,28,29,31). We monitored a synchronization experiment using typical experimental conditions from these investigations.…”

Section: Dna Content and Coordinated Replication Initiations In Ex-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of dnaC2 and dnaC28 Mutants by Flow Cytometry

Withers

Bernander

1998

J Bacteriol

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Escherichia coli strains containing thermosensitivednaC alleles were studied by flow cytometry. Strains containing either the dnaC2 or dnaC28 allele were shifted between different temperatures, and DNA content distributions were gathered. Inhibition of initiation of chromosome replication at nonpermissive temperature, as well as reinitiation of replication at permissive temperature, were found to be affected by a number of parameters. These included the choice of permissive and nonpermissive temperatures, the length of the time of incubation at the nonpermissive temperature, the growth medium, the type of temperature shift used for reinitiation of replication (transient or nontransient), the genetic background of the host cell, and the cell concentration. Reinitiation of replication required neither transcription nor translation, whereas the elongation stage of replication was dependent upon ongoing protein synthesis in the mutants. Efficient use ofdnaC mutants for cell cycle studies is discussed.

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“…Several groups have studied the cell size distribution of anucleate cells formed after total inhibition of DNA replication by using temperature-sensitive dna strains (20,22,25,26,36). The data are somewhat conflicting; some groups found that the anucleate cell size distribution was narrow and comparable to that of normal newborn cells (22,36), whereas Mulder and Woldringh (25,26) reported a more random distribution. In our case, the anucleate daughter cells were of normal size, supporting the idea of a nonrandom positioning of the septa (see also reference 20, p. 1635 to 1636).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Chromosome Underreplication on Cell Division in Escherichia coli

Botello

Nordström

1998

J. Bacteriol.

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The key processes of the bacterial cell cycle are controlled and coordinated to match cellular mass growth. We have studied the coordination between replication and cell division by using a temperature-controlled Escherichia coli intR1 strain. In this strain, the initiation time for chromosome replication can be displaced to later (underreplication) or earlier (overreplication) times in the cell cycle. We used underreplication conditions to study the response of cell division to a delayed initiation of replication. The bacteria were grown exponentially at 39°C (normal DNA/mass ratio) and shifted to 38 and 37°C. In the last two cases, new, stable, lower DNA/mass ratios were obtained. The rate of replication elongation was not affected under these conditions. At increasing degrees of underreplication, increasing proportions of the cells became elongated. Cell division took place in the middle in cells of normal size, whereas the longer cells divided at twice that size to produce one daughter cell of normal size and one three times as big. The elongated cells often produced one daughter cell lacking a chromosome; this was always the smallest daughter cells, and it was the size of a normal newborn cell. These results favor a model in which cell division takes place at only distinct cell sizes. Furthermore, the elongated cells had a lower probability of dividing than the cells of normal size, and they often contained more than two nucleoids. This suggests that for cell division to occur, not only must replication and nucleoid partitioning be completed, but also the DNA/mass ratio must be above a certain threshold value. Our data support the ideas that cell division has its own control system and that there is a checkpoint at which cell division may be abolished if previous key cell cycle processes have not run to completion.

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Coordination between chromosome replication and cell division in Escherichia coli

Cited by 19 publications

References 50 publications

Timed action of the gene products required for septum formation in the cell cycle of Bacillus subtilis.

Timed action of the gene products required for septum formation in the cell cycle of Bacillus subtilis.

Characterization of dnaC2 and dnaC28 Mutants by Flow Cytometry

Effects of Chromosome Underreplication on Cell Division in Escherichia coli

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