Ionic liquids (ILs) have the advantages of low cost, eco-friendliness, abundant heteroatoms, excellent solubility, and coordinated ability with metal ions. These features make ILs a suitable precursor for fabricating metal singleatom catalysts (SACs). Herein, we prepared various metal single atoms anchored on ultrathin N-doped nanosheets (denoted as Cu 1 /NC, Fe 1 /NC, Co 1 /NC, Ni 1 /NC, and Pd 1 /NC) by direct pyrolysis using ILs and g-C 3 N 4 nanosheets as templates. Taking benzene oxidation to phenol with H 2 O 2 as a model reaction to evaluate their catalytic performance and potential applications, Cu 1 /NC calcined at 1000°C (denoted as Cu 1 /NC-1000) exhibits the highest activity with a turnover frequency of about 200 h −1 in the first 1 h at 60°C , which is better than that of most metal SACs reported in the literature. High benzene conversion of 82% with high phenol selectivity of 96% and excellent recyclability were achieved using the Cu 1 /NC-1000 catalyst. This study provides an efficient general strategy for fabricating SACs using ILs for catalytic applications.