Copernicus – Practice of Daily Life in a National Mapping Agency?

Abstract

ABSTRACT:Copernicus is an European system created for Earth observation and monitoring. It consists of a set of Earth observation satellites and in-situ sensors that provide geo-information that are used, through a set of Copernicus services, for applications related to the environment and global security. The main services of the Copernicus programme address six thematic areas: land, marine, atmosphere, climate change, emergency management and security. In Germany, there is a national service team of Copernicus service coordinators, who are responsible for the national development of the Copernicus services and for providing user-specific information about the Copernicus processes. These coordinators represent the contact points for all the programmes and services concerning their respective Copernicus theme. To publish information about Copernicus, national conferences and workshops are organised. Many people are involved in planning the continuous process of bringing the information to public authorities, research institutes and commercial companies. The Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy (Bundesamt für Kartographie und Geodäsie, BKG) is one such organisation, and is mainly responsible for the national land monitoring service of Copernicus. To make use of the freely available data from the Copernicus programme, the Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy is currently developing new applications and projects in the field of remote sensing and land monitoring. These projects can be used by other public authorities as examples on how to use the Copernicus data and services for their individual demands and requirements. Copernicus data and services are currently not very commonly used in the daily routine of the national mapping agencies, but they will soon be.

Mapping Informal Settlements in Developing Countries using Machine Learning and Low Resolution Multi-spectral Data

“…The data provided by the Sentinels has a free and open data policy implying that the data from the Sentinel missions is available free of charge to everyone. The ease of data access and use, allows all users from the public, private or research communities to reap the socio-economic benefits of such data [28]. A Sentinel-2 image is provided to the end user at Level-1C [9] and has already gone through a series of pre-processing steps before it reaches the end user.…”

“…Although informal settlements are well studied in the humanities and remote sensing communities [11,13,14,24,27] in machine learning, only a small amount of research has been conducted on informal settlements, with all of that research using VHR and high resolution(HR) satellite imagery [18,19,26], a cost prohibitive option for many NGOs and governments of developing nations. In contrast, there is an abundance of freely available and globally accessible LR satellite imagery, provided by the European Space Agency (ESA), which provides updated imagery of the entire land mass of the Earth every 5 days [7,8,28].…”