Coping Processes Measure

Wills, Thomas A.; McNamara, Grace; Vaccaro, Donato; Hirky, A. Elizabeth

doi:10.1037/t22782-000

Cited by 36 publications

(51 citation statements)

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“…To cope with those feelings of negative emotion, these adolescents may use substances to down-regulate negative emotion to feel better. This is consistent with self-medication theories of addiction, stress theories of addiction ( Sinha, 2008 ; Koob et al, 2014 ), and stress-coping theories of adolescent substance use ( Wills and Hirky, 1996 ), which propose that SUDs result from and are maintained by the use of substances to manage negative emotional states. In addition, chronic stress and high activation of negative emotion reactivity-related brain regions may lead to blunted recruitment of prefrontal executive function regions and heightened activation in striatal regions, leading to increased reward-seeking and craving and lowered executive control, contributing to further substance use ( Arnsten et al, 2012 ).…”

Section: Conceptual Model Of the Role Of Stress Reactivity In The Devsupporting

confidence: 84%

Stress reactivity and the developmental psychopathology of adolescent substance use

Chaplin

Niehaus

Gonçalves

2018

Neurobiology of Stress

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Adolescence represents a period of risk for initiation of substance use and the development of substance use disorders (SUDs). In addition, during adolescence, there is rapid development of stress reactivity systems. This paper describes a conceptual model of the role of stress reactivity in the development of substance use in adolescence. It is proposed that some children develop maladaptive patterns of emotional, physiological, and neural reactivity to stressful situations that are either too high or too low and that their patterns of reactivity interact with increased stressful life events during adolescence to lead to potential for substance use and SUDs. In one pathway, youth develop a heightened reactivity to stress, which leads to high negative emotion and using substances to cope. In a second pathway, youth develop a blunted reactivity to stress, which leads to chronic under-arousal and using substances to increase sensation/arousal. We propose that girls may be more likely to take the high-reactivity pathway to substance use and boys may be more likely to take the low-reactivity pathway. We review existing studies of stress reactivity in adolescents, which support our theory that altered stress reactivity is correlated with and, in some cases, predictive of adolescent substance use, with some studies finding high stress reactivity and some finding low stress reactivity to be correlated with increased substance use and SUD risk. Some studies find that the blunted reactivity pathway to substance use occurs particularly for youth from high-risk contexts. Further, some evidence supports the proposed sex differences in stress reactivity pathways. We discuss future directions and implications of these findings for developing and refining developmentally-sensitive stress reactivity-focused SUD prevention programs.

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Section: Conceptual Model Of the Role Of Stress Reactivity In The Devsupporting

confidence: 84%

Stress reactivity and the developmental psychopathology of adolescent substance use

Chaplin

Niehaus

Gonçalves

2018

Neurobiology of Stress

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“…Consequently, persons reporting using drugs to cope are likely commercial sex trade workers who engage in substance use to help deal with the distress and feelings of shame and guilt that often accompany sex trade work (Needle et al, 2008; Young et al, 2000). It is not uncommon for individuals with inadequate social support and resources to engage in emotional-based or avoidance-coping strategies, such as substance use, to deal with stress (Anderson, Ramo, and Brown, 2006; Kalichman et al, 2006; Stein, Dixon, and Nyamathi, 2008; Wills and Hirky, 1996; Wills, Sandy, and Yaeger, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Perceived community stress was also related to alcohol and drug use (Kalichman et al, 2005, 2006). Similarly, US-based studies have found that stress is associated with increased risk for substance use among adolescents and young adults (Castellani, Wedgeworth, Wootton, and Rugle, 1997; Lanier, Nicholson, and Duncan, 2001; Laurent, Catanzaro, and Callan, 1997; Wills, 1986; Wills and Hirky, 1996; Wills, Sandy, and Yaeger, 2001; Wills, Sandy, Yaeger, Cleary, and Shinar, 2001). Employing latent growth analysis, Wills et al (2001) have found that negative life events were related to higher initial levels of substance use and greater rate of growth in substance use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The Association Between Poly-Substance Use, Coping, and Sex Trade Among Black South African Substance Users

Floyd

Hedden

Lawson

et al. 2010

Substance Use & Misuse

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The current study examined the relationship between poly-substance use and sex trade among 343 black South African substance users recruited from the Pretoria region between 2002 and 2006 (57% males; mean age 24 years). The assessment comprised a HIV-risk behavior interview, urinalysis to confirm self-report of drug use, and an HIV test. Logistic regression analyses indicated poly-substance use was positively associated with sex trade among persons using drugs to cope with stress. Results indicate the importance of considering coping strategies as modifiable psychosocial factor related to sexual risk-taking behaviors and substance use. The study's implications and limitations are discussed.

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“…Tarter (1988) suggested that learned habit patterns of coping may be part of the process that links early temperament with subsequent outcomes; similarly, Rothbart and Ahadi (1994) suggested that patterns of habitual behavior, including coping styles, develop through the interaction between temperament and experience. Previous research with adolescents and adults has indicated several dimensions of coping that are implicated in risk for substance use (see Wills & Hirky, in press). These are variously labeled as avoidant coping (Cooper, Russell, & George, 1988; Kaplan, Martin, Johnson, & Robbins, 1986; Moos, Brennan, Fondacaro, & Moos, 1990; Rohde, Lewinsohn, Tilson, & Seeley, 1990); behavioral disengagement or helplessness (Carver, Scheier, & Weintraub, 1989; Hirschman, Leventhal, & Glynn, 1984); and ventilating feelings, emotional expression , or anger (Farrell, Danish, & Howard, 1992; Swaim, Oetting, Edwards, & Beauvais, 1989; Wills, 1986).…”

Section: Mediational Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activity and mood temperament as predictors of adolescent substance use: Test of a self-regulation mediational model.

Wills¹,

DuHamel²,

Vaccaro³

1995

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

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192

138

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The authors tested a mediational model of temperament dimensions and substance use with a sample of 1,826 urban adolescents, M age 12.3 years. Five scales from the Revised Dimensions of Temperament Survey (DOTS-R) were administered together with measures of substance (tobacco, alcohol, marijuana) use and measures of related variables derived from a self-regulation model. Unique contributions to substance use were found for DOTS-R dimensions of high activity level (positively related) and positive mood (inversely related). High activity level and low positive mood were also related to lower levels of parental support. Analyses, including multiple regression and structural modeling, identified generalized self-control, maladaptive coping (anger and helplessness), novelty seeking, and affiliation with peer substance users as mediating the effect of temperament on substance use, with control for effects of parental support. Parental support was inversely related to substance use through several pathways. Implications for the theory of vulnerability are discussed.

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Coping Processes Measure

Cited by 36 publications

References 0 publications

Stress reactivity and the developmental psychopathology of adolescent substance use

Stress reactivity and the developmental psychopathology of adolescent substance use

The Association Between Poly-Substance Use, Coping, and Sex Trade Among Black South African Substance Users

Activity and mood temperament as predictors of adolescent substance use: Test of a self-regulation mediational model.

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