Coping Strategies as Mediators of the Relationship between Chronic Exposure to Missile Attacks and Stress Reactions

Braun‐Lewensohn, Orna

doi:10.1080/19361521.2012.719596

Cited by 17 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…It should be noted that while the south of the country was the hardest hit by the attacks, missiles were directed towards the centre and a few also in the north. It follows that an underlying assumption of the study was that the participants were all at risk of experiencing traumatic stress (for additional studies on responses to stress during missile attacks in Israel, see Braun‐Lewensohn, Sagy, & Roth, ; Braun‐Lewensohn, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traumatic Stress during Population-wide Exposure to Trauma in Israel: Gender as a Moderator of the Effects of Marital Status and Social Support

Israel-Cohen

Kaplan

2015

Stress Health

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The 'tend-and-befriend' approach (Taylor et al., ) posits that in times of stress, women in particular may tend to their loved ones and seek out social support as a coping mechanism. Two corollaries of this model are that when confronted with a situation of extreme stress, marriage may be more of a protective factor for men, as central beneficiaries of their wives 'tending' or nurturing response, and social support from a wider network may be more of a protective factor for women, as part of women's 'befriending' response to stress. Using a sample of 508 Israelis (M = 47 years; 48% women) under the real condition of a population under missile attacks, we investigated the latter two corollaries of the tend-and-befriend model, hypothesizing that marriage would buffer against symptoms of traumatic stress for men in particular and that social support would buffer against symptoms of traumatic stress for women in particular. Our findings revealed gender differences affirming both hypotheses and offering interpretive evidence in support of the tend-and-befriend model based on a gender-informed field study of responses to traumatic stress in real time. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traumatic Stress during Population-wide Exposure to Trauma in Israel: Gender as a Moderator of the Effects of Marital Status and Social Support

Israel-Cohen

Kaplan

2015

Stress Health

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“…Coping strategies may yield either positive or negative results. They were found to be an important feature, which moderates the association between exposure to stress and mental health in various contexts ( 21 , 22 ). Lazarus and Folkman ( 19 ) suggested two major forms of coping: problem-focused (dealing with stress sources and taking proactive steps to change them) or emotion-focused (serving to reduce the emotional stress resulting from such situations) [See also: ( 23 )].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental Health and Coping in the Shadow of the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Israeli Case

Bitton

Laufer

2021

Front. Public Health

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The COVID-19 pandemic caught the entire world off guard. Israel, similar to all other nations, was forced to cope with the unknown. “Flattening the curve” of infections has become a common term among specialists and decision makers, while explaining restricting measurements taken toward the population. Israelis, who had previously learned to deal with life under constant security threat, are now facing a new reality. The purpose of the study was to check how Israelis are psychologically affected by and coping with the COVID-19 pandemic. The study included 925 Israelis divided into three groups: ages 18–29, 30–59, and 60–88. The data were collected between March 31 and April 8, 2020, when it was already clear that this is a global plague, the country's borders were closed, and the government's directive for citizens was to remain at home while imposing limitations on the public and private sectors. The current study examined psychological distress among the three age groups as well as the associations between levels of distress, resilience, and coping strategies. Levels of distress were measured via the BSI-18 that measures anxiety, depression, and somatization. Resilience was measured using the Connor-Davidson CD-RISC scale. Coping was measured by the short version of the COPE. Psychological distress was associated with being in a younger age group, being a woman, having economic concerns, use of emotion and problem focused coping, and lower resilience. The study also found that concern for the health of family members was the strongest concern among all age groups but was highest among the younger age group. It was also found that those in the younger age group suffered from higher levels of depression, anxiety, and somatization compared to the older age group. The middle age group suffered from elevated levels of anxiety and somatization compared to the older age group. Although the older age group was the most vulnerable to the coronavirus, in this study age was found to be a protective factor from psychological distress. The results of the study suggest the need to consider the younger age group as a risk group, which hence needs to be addressed as the focus of intervention programs. It appears that the concern for their loved ones takes a heavy toll on the younger generation, and this should be considered a major source of stress.

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“…The evaluation of whether a situation represents a threat or a challenge determines the level of arousal and which of the coping resources one has in his/her repertoire that will be drawn upon to deal with the situation [15]. Studies that have examined this variable in the context of war and terror have shown that women are more vulnerable and report more feelings of danger as compared to men [16]. Research has shown that these feelings seem to be an independent predictor of a variety of mental-health symptoms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Women in Refugee Camps: Which Coping Resources Help Them to Adapt?

Braun‐Lewensohn

Abu-Kaf

Al-Said

2019

IJERPH

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The present study aimed to explore the coping resources and mental health of women who have fled Syria to a neighboring European country. To that end, we examined the roles of sociodemographic factors, situational factors, and personal and community sense of coherence (SOC and ComSOC, respectively) in mental-health outcomes. One hundred and eleven refugee women aged 19–70 filled out self-reported questionnaires during August 2018 in a refugee camp in Greece. The questionnaires asked the participants for demographic information (i.e., age, level of education level, and time spent in the camp) and also addressed the situational factors of having received aid from various organizations, appraisal of danger during the war in Syria, and exposure to war experiences, as well as the coping resources of SOC and ComSOC. The results show that time spent in the camp, appraisal of danger, SOC, and ComSOC all play significant roles in predicting the variance of various mental-health outcomes. Together, those factors predict 56% of anxiety, 53% of depression, and 58% of somatization. SOC was also found to mediate the relationships between time spent in the camp and outcome variables, as well as the relationships between the appraisal of danger and the outcome variables. This indicates that SOC is crucial for good adaptation. These results will be discussed in light of the salutogenic theory.

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Coping Strategies as Mediators of the Relationship between Chronic Exposure to Missile Attacks and Stress Reactions

Cited by 17 publications

References 37 publications

Traumatic Stress during Population-wide Exposure to Trauma in Israel: Gender as a Moderator of the Effects of Marital Status and Social Support

Traumatic Stress during Population-wide Exposure to Trauma in Israel: Gender as a Moderator of the Effects of Marital Status and Social Support

Mental Health and Coping in the Shadow of the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Israeli Case

Women in Refugee Camps: Which Coping Resources Help Them to Adapt?

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