Copolymer analysis by UV spectroscopy

Ramelow, Ulku S.; Baysal, Bahatti̇n M.

doi:10.1002/app.1986.070320718

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In the spectroelectrochemical method, expressions derived by Ramelow et al 39 were used to extract reactivity ratios using the difference in molar absorptivity between the two homopolymers according to the expression where F 1 is the mole fraction of monomer M 1 in the polymer and 1 , 2 , and 12 are the molar absorptivities of homopolymer M 1 , homopolymer M 2 , and the copolymer, respectively. Equation 5a…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Copolymerization and Spectroelectrochemical Characterization of 3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene and 3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene−Methanol Copolymers on Indium−Tin Oxide

et al. 2006

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This work describes the electrochemical copolymerization and spectroelectrochemical characterization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) with a commonly used EDOT derivative: 2,3-dihydrothieno[3,4-b]-1,4-dioxyn-2-yl methanol (EDTM), on indium-tin oxide (ITO) electrodes, as a function of the EDTM/EDOT comonomer feed ratio. The potential of initial polymerization and the degree of optical contrast between reduced and oxidized states increased steadily with increasing proportions of EDTM. Reactivity ratios were determined by spectroscopic characterization of the copolymer film and by monitoring the depletion of monomer from the starting solution by liquid chromatography, following the formation of relatively thick PEDOT/PEDTM films. Average reactivity ratios of 1.5 ( 0.2 and 0.4 ( 0.3 were obtained for EDOT and EDTM, respectively, demonstrating preferential deposition of EDOT on ITO electrode surfaces. Significant differences were noted at low and high degrees of conversion, indicating changes in copolymer composition with film thickness. These results have real significance for the characterization of electron-transfer rates for the first monolayer of PEDOT/ PEDTM on ITO, determined by a new mode of potential-modulated attenuated total reflectance spectroelectrochemistry. 1

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Copolymerization and Spectroelectrochemical Characterization of 3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene and 3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene−Methanol Copolymers on Indium−Tin Oxide

et al. 2006

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“…12 Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) thermograms were taken on a Schimadzu DSC-41 Model apparatus at a heating rate of lO"C/min. The glass of ACPC and a-w-amine terminated PDMS in molar ratios of (a) 1 : 2 and (b) 1 : 1, respectively.…”

Section: Table I Preparation Conditions and Characterization Of Macromentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and characterization of block and graft copolymers using macroazoinitiators having siloxane units

Hamurcu

Hazer

Mısırlı

et al. 1996

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

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SYNOPSISa,@-Amine terminated organofunctional polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) was condensed with 4,4'-azobis-4-cyanopentanoyl chloride (ACPC) to prepare macroazoinitiators containing siloxane units. Interfacial polycondensation reaction at room temperature was applied: ACPC was slightly dissolved in carbon tetrachloride and it was poured on aqueous NaOH solution of PDMS. Block copolymers containing PDMS as a block segment combined with polystyrene (PS) have been derived by the polymerization of styrene monomer initiated by these macroazoinitiators. PS-b-PDMS block copolymers were characterized by using nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared spectroscopy. Thermal and mechanical properties of the block copolymers were studied by using thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and a Tensilon stress-strain instrument. The morphology of block copolymers was investigated by scanning electron microscopy. PDMS-g-polybutadiene (PBd) graft copolymers were also prepared by reaction of PBd with the above macroazoinitiator. Increase in the amount of macroazoinitiator in the mixture of PBd (52% w/w) leads to the formation of crosslinked graft copolymers. Molecular weights of soluble graft copolymer samples were between 450 and 600 K with a polydispersity of 2.

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“…UV-VIS spectra of homopolymers, PDPA and PNMA, were also recorded in DMF for different concentrations and the molar extinction coefficients at specified wavelengths were calculated and used to obtain copolymer composition. [19,20] RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Electrochemical Copolymerization/Homopolymerization Figure 1(a -d) presents the CVs recorded for 50 cycles during polymerization of DPA with NMA using different molar feed ratios of DPA (0.375, 0.50, 0.625, and 0.875), with an anodic potential limit as 0.80 V, which is sufficient to oxidize DPA and NMA simultaneously to produce their respective cation radicals. [21,22] A close analysis of CVs recorded at any specified cycle of potential during the polymerization with different molar feed ratios of DPA reveals that redox pattern of the formed species on the electrode is strongly dependent on the feed ratio of DPA.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Copolymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[19] UV-VIS spectra were collected for copolymer samples prepared with different molar feed ratios of DPA and NMA. By taking spectra for PDPA and PNMA for different concentrations, the specific extinction co-efficients, 1 1 and 1 2 were determined at 341 and 366 nm, respectively.…”

Section: Copolymer Formation Between Two N-substituted Anilines 1295mentioning

confidence: 99%

Copolymer Formation Between Two N‐Substituted Anilines—Electrochemical and Spectroelectrochemical Studies

Sankarasubramanian¹,

Santhosh²,

Gopalan³

et al. 2004

Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A

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Electrochemical polymerization of diphenylamine, DPA with N-methyl aniline, NMA was performed using cyclic voltammetry in a 4 M sulfuric acid medium. The electrochemical parameters representing the polymer deposition showed a strong dependence on the molar concentration ratios of DPA or NMA in the feed. In situ spectroelectrochemical studies were performed during the electropolymerization with different molar concentration feed ratios of DPA. The results reveal the formation of intermediates together with DPA and NMA units. Derivative cyclic voltabsorptograms (DCVAs) were deduced at the wavelength of absorbance corresponding to the intermediates and explained with redox characteristics in cyclic voltammogram. Results from cyclic voltammetry and spectroelectrochemical studies favor copolymer formation between DPA and NMA. Copolymers were prepared for different molar concentrations feed ratios of DPA and the composition of the monomer units in the copolymers were determined. Reactivity ratios of DPA and NMA were deduced using Fineman-Ross and Kelen-Tudos methods and correlated with the results from cyclic voltammetry and spectroelectrochemical studies.

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Copolymer analysis by UV spectroscopy

Cited by 18 publications

References 22 publications

Electrochemical Copolymerization and Spectroelectrochemical Characterization of 3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene and 3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene−Methanol Copolymers on Indium−Tin Oxide

Electrochemical Copolymerization and Spectroelectrochemical Characterization of 3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene and 3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene−Methanol Copolymers on Indium−Tin Oxide

Preparation and characterization of block and graft copolymers using macroazoinitiators having siloxane units

Copolymer Formation Between Two N‐Substituted Anilines—Electrochemical and Spectroelectrochemical Studies

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