Copolymer formation of 4-vinylbenzyl-9H-carbazole-9-carbodithioate and ethylenedioxythiophene and capacitive behavior

Abstract

In this study, first, a new monomer of 4-vinylbenzyl 9H-carbazole-9-carbodithioate (VBzCzCT) was chemically synthesized and characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) reflectance, proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance (13C NMR) spectroscopies. Second, VBzCzCT and 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) monomers were electrocopolymerized (VBzCzCT-co-EDOT) in 0.1 M sodium perchlorate (NaClO4)/acetonitrile (CH3CN) on glassy carbon electrode (GCE) using cyclic voltammetry (CV). Third, the best deposition conditions on the electroactivity of the modified homopolymers and copolymer were studied and characterized using different techniques such as CV, FTIR-attenuated total reflectance, scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersion x-ray analysis, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis. The specific capacitance (C sp) of poly(VBzCzCT) (P(VBzCzCT)) was obtained as 20.5 mF cm−2. However, the C sp of P(VBzCzCT-co-EDOT)/GCE was obtained as 45.5 mF cm−2. There is an important improvement in the capacitance value of copolymer formation. The C sp value increases more than twice from P(VBzCzCT) to copolymer. The highest double layer capacitance (C dl = approximately 27.5 mF cm−2) was obtained for P(VBzCzCT-co-EDOT) and P(EDOT) compared with P(VBzCzCT) (C dl = approximately 8.28 mF cm−2. Finally, simulation graphs of Nyquist, Bode-magnitude, and Bode-phase plots were given for homopolymers and copolymer for the electrical equivalent circuit model of R s(Q 1(R 1(C 1(R 2(C 2(R 3 · W))))))(C 3 R 4). The EIS results of P(VBzCzCT), P(EDOT), and P(VBzCzCT-co-EDOT) might be studied as promising active electrode materials for (super)capacitor evaluations.

Nanostructured poly(2,2′-bithiophene-co-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)

“…It is a decisive fact that intrinsically conductive polymers (ICPs) have stimulated great interest on the basis of their importance in basic scientific research and potential industrial applications, due to their unique semiconducting and optoelectronic properties. [1][2][3][4][5] On the other hand, since the discovery of doped polyacetylene as a conducting polymer in 1977 6 it has been found that only a few polymers are stable enough under normal processing conditions to be incorporated in various practical and technological applications. Among leading candidates are polythiophene (PTh), polyaniline (PANI), and polypyrrole (PPy).…”

Synthesis and electro-optical properties of a new copolymer based on EDOT and carbazole

“…[34,35] Recently, Ateş et al reported the electrochemical properties and capacitive behavior of a copolymer which is prepared from 4-vinylbenzyl 9H-carbazole-9-carbodithioate and EDOT as co-monomers. [36] In the light of the above considerations, we have successfully synthesized a new carbazole derivative, 5-(2-ethylhexyl)-1,3-bis(9-methyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)-5H-thieno [3,4-c] pyrrole-4,6-dione (CzPDICz), including thienopyrroledione unit as a strong acceptor and methyl substituted carbazole as a donor.…”