Copolymerization as a Strategy to Combine Epoxidized Linseed Oil and Furfuryl Alcohol: The Design of a Fully Bio‐Based Thermoset

Pin, Jean‐Mathieu; Guigo, Nathanaël; Vincent, Luc; Sbirrazzuoli, Nicolas; Mija, Alice

doi:10.1002/cssc.201501259

Cited by 47 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Therefore, the α relaxation peak of the furfurylated wood shifted to a lower temperature due to the effect of PFA. In addition, the amplitude of the tan δ peak was smaller than control, which manifested in increased brittleness of the furfurylated wood . The damping peak in DL‐FA sample showed a decreased magnitude of tan δ compared to the control and furfurylated sample, attributed to the increased interaction between the PFA and wood components that allowed for greater stress transfer at the interface .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…For the control sample, the α relaxation at about 237°C is related to the micro‐Brownian motions of the wood components in the amorphous region while the β relaxation process at about 70°C is a hemicellulose glass transition peak . There are no studies on the dynamic mechanical properties of furfurylated wood, but it was reported that PFA exhibited a main relaxation peak at about 145°C, which is typical for highly cross‐linked thermosets . Therefore, the α relaxation peak of the furfurylated wood shifted to a lower temperature due to the effect of PFA.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermal properties enhancement of poplar wood by substituting poly(furfuryl alcohol) for the matrix

Dong

et al. 2019

Polymer Composites

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Using high‐performance polymers to replace the weak points in wood may be an efficient approach to overcoming certain drawbacks while improving the properties of wood. This study investigated the feasibility of easily replacing part of the wood matrix in poplar wood with renewable poly(furfuryl alcohol) (PFA). The wood was first treated with an alkali solution and was then immersed in a furfuryl alcohol (FA) solution followed by in situ polymerization. After delignification, a large part of hemicelluloses and lignin were removed. In addition, wood porosity increased and more PFA was polymerized in the wood cell walls, resulting in increased weight percent gain and efficient bulking. The thermogravimetric analysis results indicated that the reformation strongly affected the wood thermal stability. A transformation with 30% FA maintained the porous structure of the wood and resulted in the highest maximum degradation temperature. The dynamic mechanical analysis results also indicated that reformation allowed for greater stress transfer at the interface and resulted in a lower damping peak and a higher storage modulus. Our approach, therefore, could provide a promising method to enhance the performance of wood by reforming the wood components and structures.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal properties enhancement of poplar wood by substituting poly(furfuryl alcohol) for the matrix

Dong

et al. 2019

Polymer Composites

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“…This was recently exemplifiedf or furanicp olyesterso btained from citric acid, which were able to self-cross-linki nto elastomeric thermosets via furan ring-opening. [12] The combinationo fP FA with other biobased reagents, such as epoxidized vegetable oils, [13,14] is also possible to tailor its cross-link density and, by extension, its physicalproperties. [9] The first step consists of oligomer formation by FA polycondensation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opening Furan for Tailoring Properties of Bio‐based Poly(Furfuryl Alcohol) Thermoset

et al. 2018

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This work shows how furan ring-opening reactions were controlled by polymerization conditions to tune the cross-link density in bio-based poly(furfuryl alcohol) (PFA). The influence of water and isopropyl alcohol (IPA) on the polymerization of furfuryl alcohol, and particularly on furan ring-opening, was investigated by means of C NMR and FT-IR spectroscopy. Results indicated that formation of open structures were favored in the presence of solvents, thus leading to modification of the thermo-mechanical properties compared to PFA cross-linked without solvent. Dynamic mechanical analyses showed that when slightly more open structures were present in PFA it resulted in an important decrease of the cross-link density. Despite lower glass-transition temperature and lower elastic modulus for PFA polymerized with solvent, the thermal stability remains very high (>350 °C) even with more open structures in PFA.

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“…9,10 In order to further improve chemical, thermal and mechanical properties of epoxy resins, the presence of signicant content of aromatic moieties is required. In this frame, lignin derivatives appear to be the natural substitutes of BPA.…”

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confidence: 99%

Green approaches in the synthesis of furan-based diepoxy monomers

et al. 2018

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Two eco-respectful, one-step synthetic routes for the preparation of a bio-based epoxy monomer derived from furan precursors are developed. The diglycidyl ester products are throughly characterized in terms of structure and thermal properties. Gathered results indicate that the two selected approaches allow the preparation of pure, furanic diglycidyl ester, which represents a viable bio-based alternative to its petrochemical aromatic counterpart.Research on bio-based polymers has been rapidly increasing in past years, pushed by growing environmental and economic concerns, as well as by the uncertainty about future availability of nite petrochemical resources.1 Sustainability is a keyword in this process. In this frame, products that are respectful towards the environment, including eco-compatible building blocks and additives, are now researched to replace petroleum-based polymers with those derived from naturally occurring feedstocks.2-4 In the eld of epoxy resins, this trend is related also to the necessity to nd a good candidate to substitute the controversial building block bisphenol A (BPA), a molecule recognized as an endocrine disrupter and reprotoxic substance.5 Epoxy resins are very versatile thermosetting polymers, extremely resistant to corrosion, moisture and chemicals, with good adhesive strength toward most materials (wettability) and low shrinkage upon curing. Due to their high glass transition temperatures and excellent mechanical strength, epoxy resins are widely employed in a broad range of applications, such as electronics, structural adhesives, aerospace composites and protective coatings. In the latter application, the use of BPA results in hazard for customers of food and beverage products packed into containers treated with epoxy resins. The effects of human body contamination caused by BPA are diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, altered liver enzymes and reproductive apparatus damages.5 For these reasons, this molecule has been banned in many countries for the manufacturing of child products, and in France and Canada from all the materials in direct contact with food. Therefore, the necessity to nd non-toxic and sustainable building blocks to replace BPA in the production of epoxy resins results mandatory. If one considers also the decreasing availability of oilderived feedstock, the research of new molecules is logically focusing on bio-derived chemicals. Epoxidized vegetable oils have been widely studied for their use in epoxy resins preparation, thanks to their characteristics, availability and low cost.6-8 Mechanical properties of epoxy resins obtained using these long aliphatic molecules, alone or mixed to aromatic epoxy comonomers, are encouraging.9,10 In order to further improve chemical, thermal and mechanical properties of epoxy resins, the presence of signicant content of aromatic moieties is required. In this frame, lignin derivatives appear to be the natural substitutes of BPA. However, time-and energyconsuming extraction processes make lignin-based epoxies expensive and b...

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Copolymerization as a Strategy to Combine Epoxidized Linseed Oil and Furfuryl Alcohol: The Design of a Fully Bio‐Based Thermoset

Cited by 47 publications

References 48 publications

Thermal properties enhancement of poplar wood by substituting poly(furfuryl alcohol) for the matrix

Thermal properties enhancement of poplar wood by substituting poly(furfuryl alcohol) for the matrix

Opening Furan for Tailoring Properties of Bio‐based Poly(Furfuryl Alcohol) Thermoset

Green approaches in the synthesis of furan-based diepoxy monomers

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