Copolymerization of carbon dioxide and propylene oxide using various zinc glutarate derivatives as catalysts

Abstract

Various zinc dicarboxylate catalysts were synthesized by the reaction of zinc oxide with eleven different glutaric acid derivatives, and their coordination characteristics were investigated by infrared spectroscopy. The electronic nature and steric hinderance of substituents influenced the coordination of the carboxylate and the zinc metal ion. The coordination characteristics were classified into three categories: i) compounds exhibiting bridging bidentate coordinating bonding modes, such as syn-anti and syn-syn bridging: ii) compounds with only unidentate coordination: and iii) compounds with mixed coordinations of unidentate and

Reversible conformation-driven order–order transition of peptide-mimic poly(n-alkyl isocyanate) in thin films via selective solvent-annealing

“…Furthermore, these characteristics are known to make CS 2 more reactive than carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). [26][27][28][29][30] Owing to the overall nonpolar characteristic, the CS 2 molecule might have a favorable level of affinity for the n-hexyl side groups. Because of the local polarities, the CS 2 molecule might also have a favorable level of affinity for the amide backbone.…”

Biological affinity and biodegradability of poly(propylene carbonate) prepared from copolymerization of carbon dioxide with propylene oxide

“…PPC (weight-average molecular weight 673,000; polydispersity 2.97) was synthesized from CO 2 and PO using zinc glutarate as catalyst, as previously described ( Figure 1). [13][14][15][16] The PPC polymer was fabricated into films by compression molding under nitrogen at 120-130°C for 10 min at a pressure of 100 kg/cm 2 , followed by cooling in liquid nitrogen. The resulting films (0.20 ± 0.01 mm thick) were cut into appropriately-sized pieces (disk, square or rectangular shape) and dried under vacuum at room temperature for 2 days before use.…”

“…Poly(alkylene carbonate), for example, can be produced by the copolymerization of CO 2 with alkylene oxide. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] We previously reported a very efficient process for the copolymerization of CO 2 and propylene oxide (PO; a representative alkylene oxide) using zinc glutarate as a catalyst, producing a high yield of poly(propylene carbonate) (PPC). 14 Because PO is used in this process as a reaction medium as well as a comonomer, no other organic solvent is involved in copolymerization and no organic solvent waste results.…”

Origin of highly active metal–organic framework catalysts: defects? Defects!

“…Among zinc carboxylates, the zinc glutarate analogue was found to be most catalytically active, producing significant quantities of polypropylene carbonate from propylene oxide and CO 2 . 68,69 The structure was found to be a layered structure of zinc atoms with bridging dicarboxylates between the layers (Fig. 8).…”