Copolymers and Hybrids Based on Carbazole Derivatives and Their Nanomorphology Investigation

Abstract

Oligomers of the low-band-gap PCDTBT polymer, based on either 3,6 or 2,7 carbazole units, were modified with vinyl ω-chain end functionalities. The vinyl-functionalized oligomers were used as comonomers in free radical polymerizations with quinoline-based monomers such as 6-vinylphenyl-(2-pyridinyl)-4-phenyl-quinoline (vinyl-QPy), and 6-vinylphenyl-(2-perfluorophenyl)-4-phenyl quinoline (vinyl-5FQ). The co-polymeric materials bearing the vinyl-QPy moiety were developed as potential compatibilizers in polymer electron donor–fullerene acceptor blends for non-covalent interactions with the fullerene part. The co-polymeric materials bearing the vinyl-5FQ moiety were developed for the covalent attachment of carbon nanostructures; specifically, PC61BM. Both copolymers and hybrids, after thorough purification, were characterized in terms of their spectroscopic and optical properties as well as their ability to form nanophased separated films as such, or as additives at various percentages into PCDTBT: PC71BM blends.

Electron Transporting Perylene Diimide-Based Random Terpolymers with Variable Co-Monomer Feed Ratio: A Route to All-Polymer-Based Photodiodes

“…Two different polymerization conditions were studied for the preparation of the terpolymers through palladium-catalyzed Suzuki polycondensation. First, the reaction was performed using an aqueous solution of tetraethylammonium hydroxide 20% (Et 4 NOH) as base, a procedure that has been reported and optimized for the synthesis of the low band gap copolymer PCDTBT. , However, the obtained molecular weights were considerably low. Therefore, we changed to the more typical aqueous sodium carbonate solution as base, which resulted in higher molecular weight polymers and therefore, it was maintained in all further polymerizations.…”

Synthesis and Optoelectronic Characterization of Perylene Diimide-Quinoline Based Small Molecules

“…Due to the above problems, 6-bromo-(2-pyridinyl)-4-phenyl-quinoline (Br-QPy) was chosen to react with the distyryl-di-EH-PDI under the same Heck coupling conditions utilizing triethylamine as base and Pd (OAc) 2 as the catalyst in DMF solution as shown in Scheme 2. Quinoline pyridine derivative consider to possess electron acceptor character and has been used previously in donor–acceptor copolymers for non-covalent interactions with fullerene species [34]. Herein, was used for the synthesis of non-planar, PDI structures affording molecules with low lying LUMOs, increased conjugation and good solubility.…”

“…Then, they were used for the synthesis of molecules combining PDI with weak electron accepting moieties based on quinoline. Generally, quinolines were shown as electron-transport molecules and have been studied by our group combined with fullerene derivatives, as electron acceptor materials or additives for OPVs [32,33,34]. Herein, 6-bromo-(2-pyridinyl)-4-phenyl-quinoline (Br-QPy) [35,36,37] or 6-bromo-(2-perfluorophenyl)-4-phenyl-quinoline (Br-5FQ) [32] and 6-phenyl-(2-perfluorophenyl)-4-phenyl-quinoline (Ph5FQ) were used as substituents at the bay area of PDI, using two different synthetic strategies to afford non-planar PDI molecules.…”

pH-Responsive Emission of Novel Water-Soluble Polymeric Iridium(III) Complexes

“…Apart from the preparation of pH-responsive luminescent sensory nanomaterials, the present materials could also prove useful for other applications where water-solubility of luminescent Ir(III) complexes is needed, for example cell imaging applications. Moreover, the methodologies elaborated in the present work offer two facile and easily adaptable routes for the incorporation of Ir(III) complexes in more complicated polymeric architectures [ 68 , 69 ].…”