Copolymers of Acrylonitrile and Acrylic Acid: Effect of Composition and Distribution of Chain Units on the Thermal Behavior of Copolymers

Томс, Р. В.; Balashov, M. S.; Shaova, A. A.; Gervald, A. Yu.; Prokopov, N. I.; Plutalova, A. V.; Grebenkina, N. A.; Черникова, Е. В.

doi:10.1134/s1560090420020086

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Toms et al determined when the feed ratios of AN/AA increase, the ion mechanism dominates the cyclization reaction, but as the introduction rate of the AA comonomer into polymerization decreases, it is initiated by an ionic and radical mechanism because its more uniform distribution in the chain leads to analogous effects and results in a decrease in the cyclization activation energy. [43] In this work, the lowest exothermic peak is due to the cyclization reaction created by oxygen attack, the middle one is triggered by amide nitrogen, while the highest one is caused through radical cyclization. These three cyclization reactions are a mutual competition relationship, and the free radical mechanism plays a dominant role when the AN/MLA feed ratio is 99/1 and 98/2; instead, the amide nitrogen attack dominates the cyclization when the feed ratio is 96/4 and 95/5.…”

Section: An/mla (Wt/wt)mentioning

confidence: 66%

Preparation and Stabilization of High Molecular Weight Poly (acrylonitrile-co-2-methylenesuccinamic acid) for Carbon Fiber Precursor

Zhang

Dang

et al. 2021

Polymers

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Bifunctional comonomer 2-methylenesuccinamic acid (MLA) was designed and synthesized to prepare acrylonitrile copolymer P (AN-co-MLA) using mixed solvent polymerization as a carbon fiber precursor. The effect of monomer feed ratios on the structure and stabilization were characterized by elemental analysis (EA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), proton nuclear magnetic (1H NMR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) for the P (AN-co-MLA) copolymers. The results indicated that both the conversion and molecular weight of polymerization reduce gradually when the MLA content is increased in the feed and that bifunctional comonomer MLA possesses a larger reactivity ratio than acrylonitrile (AN). P (AN-co-MLA) shows improved stabilization compared to the PAN homopolymer and poly (acrylonitrile-acrylic acid-methacrylic acid) [P (AN-AA-MA)], showing features such as lower initiation temperature, smaller cyclic activation energy, wider exothermic peak, and a larger stabilization degree, which are due to the ionic cyclization reaction initiated by MLA, confirming that the as-prepared P (AN-co-MLA) is the potential precursor for high-performance carbon fiber.

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Section: An/mla (Wt/wt)mentioning

confidence: 66%

Preparation and Stabilization of High Molecular Weight Poly (acrylonitrile-co-2-methylenesuccinamic acid) for Carbon Fiber Precursor

Zhang

Dang

et al. 2021

Polymers

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“…In all syntheses, the mass ratio of AN and AA was 90:10. RAFT copolymerization was carried out at 55 °C and the total concentration of monomers in the solution was 40 wt.% (Series A) [ 6 , 7 ]. Free-radical polymerization (FRP) was carried out at 65 °C and the total mass content of monomers in the solution was 22% (Series B).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, a sufficient number of studies in the available literature have been devoted mainly to only one of the process stages. For example, it is polymer synthesis [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ], precursor fiber spinning [ 8 , 9 ], thermal stabilization of the PAN precursor [ 9 , 10 , 11 ] and, finally, PAN carbonization [ 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of the Synthetic Procedure of Acrylonitrile–Acrylic Acid Copolymers on Rheological Properties of Solutions and Features of Fiber Spinning

et al. 2020

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The influence of introducing acrylic acid (AA) into the reaction mixture with acrylonitrile at the synthesis of copolymers by free-radical polymerization (FRP) and radical polymerization with reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) on the rheological properties of their solutions in dimethyl sulfoxide, as well as on the capability to spin fibers by the mechanotropic method, is analyzed. The influence of AA dosing conditions on the rheological properties of the solutions in the concentration range above the crossover point was not revealed. In the case of RAFT synthesis, the rheological properties differ distinctively in the high concentration region that is expressed by unusual viscoelastic characteristics. Dilute solution viscometry revealed the influence of the comonomer loading order on the interaction intensity of the copolymer macromolecules with a solvent, which is more pronounced for samples synthesized by FRP and can be associated with the copolymers’ molecular structure. Fiber spinning from solutions of polyacrylonitrile and its copolymers (PAN) synthesized by the RAFT method was not able to achieve a high degree of orientation drawing, while for polymers with a wider molecular weight distribution synthesized by FRP, it was possible to realize large stretches, which led to high-quality fibers with strength values up to 640 MPa and elongation at a break of 20%.

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“…4, (2022) membranes for different substances [13][14][15][16], various hydrogels [17], polyelectrolytes [18], superabsorbents [19], materials for medical purposes [20][21][22][23][24], composite materials and etc [25,26]. And the kinetics and mechanisms of the acrylonitrile reaction with different agents under conditions of radical and ion copolymerization are studied in detail and systematized [27][28][29][30].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The review of literature data shows that many work with acrylonitrile are devoted to obtaining fibrous sorbents, as working with directly with acrylonitrile is intensified with its high toxicity, and therefore many researchers prefer to work with a finished polyacrylonitrile products [12,14,15,19,29]. In practice, there is a high need for granular sorbents, since their physicochemical and performance characteristics make it possible to use in various sectors of the national economy.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of Granular Ion Exchangers Based on Acrylonitrile Copolymers

Tillayev

2021

Egypt. J. Chem.

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This work presents the results of the synthesis of granular copolymers of acrylonitrile with hexahydro-1,3,5-triacrylyltriazine and their modification with organic amines, in particular diethylamine, as well as a study of the physicochemical characteristics and sorption properties of the obtained ion exchangers. The result of the study was the synthesis of granular ion exchangers with the necessary physicochemical properties based on acrylonitrile and divinylbenzene, N,N´-methylene-bisacrylamide and hexahydro-1,3,5-triacrylyltriazine, the kinetics of this process was studied. The synthesized copolymers were modified with diethylamine, the physicochemical and ion-exchange properties of the obtained polymers were studied. It has been shown that acrylonitrile, its copolymers coated with divinylbenzene, N,N´-methylene-bis-acrylamide and hexahydro-1,3,5-triacrylyltriazine, as well as granular ion exchangers based on them, can be obtained. For the first time, copolymers of acrylonitrile and hexahydro-1,3,5-triacrylyltriazine with the necessary physicochemical characteristics were synthesized and, on their basis, conditions for obtaining weak anion-exchange resins on a complex basis were developed. The synthesized anion exchangers have complexing properties and can be used in the hydrometallurgy of non-ferrous and heavy metals, purification of waste water from toxic ions, separation and concentration of metal ions.

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Copolymers of Acrylonitrile and Acrylic Acid: Effect of Composition and Distribution of Chain Units on the Thermal Behavior of Copolymers

Cited by 15 publications

References 56 publications

Preparation and Stabilization of High Molecular Weight Poly (acrylonitrile-co-2-methylenesuccinamic acid) for Carbon Fiber Precursor

Preparation and Stabilization of High Molecular Weight Poly (acrylonitrile-co-2-methylenesuccinamic acid) for Carbon Fiber Precursor

The Effect of the Synthetic Procedure of Acrylonitrile–Acrylic Acid Copolymers on Rheological Properties of Solutions and Features of Fiber Spinning

Synthesis and Characterization of Granular Ion Exchangers Based on Acrylonitrile Copolymers

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