Copper as a selective catalyst for the epoxidation of propene

Vaughan, Owain; Kyriakou, Georgios; Macleod, Norman; Tikhov, Mintcho S.; Lambert, Richard M.

doi:10.1016/j.jcat.2005.10.019

Cited by 179 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…It is therefore reasonable to attempt the direct epoxidation of propene with molecular O 2 alone. Propene epoxidation with O 2 has been studied mainly with Cu and Ag catalysts [19][20][21][22][23][24], transition metal oxides [25][26][27][28][29], and molten salts [30][31][32][33]. Recently, Au catalysts were also investigated for this reaction over clusters (\2.0 nm) or tiny clusters (Au 6-10 ) [39,85,86].…”

Section: Gas-phase Propene Epoxidation With O 2 Alonementioning

confidence: 99%

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Gas-phase propene epoxidation over coinage metal catalysts

2011

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Propene oxide (PO) is a very important bulk chemical and is produced on a scale of about 7.5 million tons per year. In industry, PO is produced via multiple reaction steps in the liquid phase, using hazardous chlorine or costly organic hydroperoxides as oxidants. Accordingly, development of a simple and green process to produce PO has been desired. This paper presents an overview of one-step propene epoxidation in the gas phase over coinage metal catalysts with a mixture of O 2 and H 2 or with molecular O 2 alone as oxidant. Silver (Ag) and gold (Au) catalysts can catalyze propene epoxidation with a mixture of O 2 and H 2 , with high selectivity, whereas copper (Cu) catalysts cannot. In this reaction Au catalysts are much more active than Ag catalysts. All the coinage metals can catalyze propene epoxidation by molecular O 2 , but with selectivity usually below 60%. The valence states of Cu species and the sizes of Ag particles and Au particles are of crucial importance in PO synthesis.

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Section: Gas-phase Propene Epoxidation With O 2 Alonementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several types of catalysts have been investigated, for example Cu and Ag catalysts [19][20][21][22][23][24], transition metal oxides [25][26][27][28][29] and molten salts [30][31][32][33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas-phase propene epoxidation over coinage metal catalysts

2011

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“…In terms of TOF, our systems show values over 10 h -1 which compare to some Agbased systems [13], but would be below the data reported by Lei et al [62] It must be noted, however, that mass spectrometry was used to analyze the reaction products which raises some questions concerning the selectivity of the prepared systems. The use of Cu-based systems, on the other hand has resulted in comparatively poorer TOF values [63]. In terms of conversion and selectivity, Cu-based catalysts seem to perform similarly to our systems (see for example) but the reported systems contain a significant loading of Ruthenium oxide, which is comparatively expensive.…”

Section: Propylene Epoxidation Reactionmentioning

confidence: 71%

One step-synthesis of highly dispersed iron species into silica for propylene epoxidation with dioxygen

García-Aguilar

Miguel-García

Juan-Juan

et al. 2016

Journal of Catalysis

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Well dispersed iron catalysts were synthesized in silica (Fe 0.0X SiO 2 ) by a one-step synthesis procedure. These materials were tested in the propylene epoxidation reaction with gaseous O 2 . The influence of the iron metal loading on the iron incorporation and distribution in the support (both influenced by the synthetic procedure) were thoroughly studied (conversion, generation and selectivity). Electron Microscopy and UltraViolet-Visible (UV-VIS), Raman and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) spectroscopy techniques were used to analyze the iron distribution in the catalysts and to probe its incorporation into the silica framework. Insitu FTIR was also used to analyze the interaction between propylene and iron-based catalysts. This is a previous version of the article published in Journal of Catalysis. 2016Catalysis. , 338: 154-167. doi:10.1016Catalysis. /j.jcat.2016 2 Computational calculations considering a single-site iron catalyst incorporated into the silica structure show a possible interaction between O 2 and the incorporated iron atom and the olefin bond and the acidic proton neighboring the iron species which favours the reaction between the two molecules near the iron atom.

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“…Several studies in the literature focused on the active oxidation state of Cu in epoxidation reactions. Vaughan et al proposed that Cu 0 species in highly dispersed atomic-like form are the active sites in epoxidation [33]. On the other hand, Zhu et al …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

NaCl-Promoted CuO–RuO2/SiO2 Catalysts for Propylene Epoxidation with O2 at Atmospheric Pressures: A Combinatorial Micro-reactor Study

et al. 2014

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A combinatorial approach is used to investigate several alkali metals promoted Cu-Ru binary oxide catalysts with improved catalytic performance in the propylene partial oxidation. 2 %Cu/5 %Ru/c-SiO 2 catalyst had the best yield with high propylene conversion and propylene oxide (PO) selectivity. Among the promoters screening in the study, NaCl promotion significantly increased the PO selectivity accompanied by some attenuation in the total propylene conversion. It was proposed that binary oxide catalysts revealed a greater number of exposed catalytically active adsorption sites as compared to monometallic oxide counterparts according to XPS and FTIR results. Besides NaCl addition alters the structure, yielding a significantly improved PO selectivity without any change in the particle size of Cu and Ru oxide according to XRD analysis.

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Copper as a selective catalyst for the epoxidation of propene

Cited by 179 publications

References 15 publications

Gas-phase propene epoxidation over coinage metal catalysts

Gas-phase propene epoxidation over coinage metal catalysts

One step-synthesis of highly dispersed iron species into silica for propylene epoxidation with dioxygen

NaCl-Promoted CuO–RuO2/SiO2 Catalysts for Propylene Epoxidation with O2 at Atmospheric Pressures: A Combinatorial Micro-reactor Study

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