Copper Containing Glass-Based Bone Adhesives for Orthopaedic Applications: Glass Characterization and Advanced Mechanical Evaluation

Abstract

This study addresses issues with currently used bone adhesives, by producing novel glass based skeletal adhesives through modification of the base glass composition to include copper (Cu) and by characterizing each glass with respect to structural changes. Bioactive glasses have found applications in fields such as orthopedics and dentistry, where they have been utilized for the restoration of bone and teeth. The present work outlines the formation of flexible organic-inorganic polyacrylic acid (PAA) – glass hybrids, commercial forms are known as glass ionomer cements (GICs). Initial stages of this research will involve characterization of the Cu-glasses, significant to evaluate the properties of the resulting adhesives. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of annealed Cu glasses indicates the presence of partial crystallization in the glass. The structural analysis of the glass using Raman suggests the formation of CuO nanocrystals on the surface. X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) further confirmed the formation of crystalline CuO phases on the surface of the annealed Cu-glass. The setting reaction was studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). The mechanical properties of the Cu containing adhesives exhibited gel viscoelastic behavior and enhanced mechanical properties when compared to the control composition. Compression data indicated the Cu glass adhesives were efficient at energy dissipation due to the reversible interactions between CuO nano particles and PAA polymer chains.

Fe3O4@SiO2@SBA-3@CPTMS@Arg-Cu: preparation, characterization, and catalytic performance in the conversion of nitriles to amides and the synthesis of 5-substituted 1H-tetrazoles

“… 52 Similarly, the peaks located at 932.8 eV and 953.1 eV corresponded to Cu 2p 3/2 and Cu 2p 1/2 , respectively, indicating the presence of Cu compounds containing Cu + ions. 53 Besides, in Fig. 4 , the Fe 2p 3/2 spectrum displayed two minor peaks at 711.4 eV and 710.0 eV, which could be ascribed to Fe 3+ and Fe 2+ , respectively.…”

Exploring the Impact of Copper Oxide Substitution on Structure, Morphology, Bioactivity, and Electrical Properties of 45S5 Bioglass®

“…The changes in the glass temperature might be explained by the type of chemical bonds in the bioglass structure. Due to the stronger affinity of copper to phosphate than to silica groups, the P-O-P bonds were more easily broken compared to Si-O-Si chemical bonds [61]. Thus, Cu-O ionic bonds were created.…”

Antibacterial Biomaterial Based on Bioglass Modified with Copper for Implants Coating

“…In recent years, efforts have been undertaken to enhance the biological performance of bioactive glasses by integrating metallic ions into the glass network [4,[21][22][23][24][25][26]. Copper (Cu), in particular, has garnered significant attention due to its potential antibacterial effects when released in the physiological environment upon the dissolution of the bioglass matrix.…”