Copper Oxide-Antimony Oxide Entrapped Alginate Hydrogel as Efficient Catalyst for Selective Reduction of 2-Nitrophenol

Abstract

Copper oxide-antimony oxide (Cu2O-Sb2O3) was prepared and entrapped inside Na-alginate hydrogel (Alg@Cu2O-Sb2O3). The developed Alg@Cu2O-Sb2O3 was used as catalytic reactor for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP), 2-nitrophenol (2-NP), 2,6-dinitrophenol (2,6-DNP), methyl orange (MO), congo red (CR), acridine orange (AO), methylene blue (MB) and potassium ferricyanide (K3[Fe(CN)6]). Alg@Cu2O-Sb2O3 was found to be selective and more efficient for the reduction of 2-NP among all the pollutants. Therefore, 2-NP was selected for a detailed study to optimize various parameters, e.g., the catalyst amount, reducing agent concentration, 2-NP concentration and recyclability. Alg@Cu2O-Sb2O3 was found to be very stable and easily recyclable for the reduction of 2-NP. The Alg@Cu2O-Sb2O3 nanocatalyst reduced 2-NP in 1.0 min, having a rate constant of 3.8187 min−1.

Carboxymethyl Cellulose/Copper Oxide–Titanium Oxide Based Nanocatalyst Beads for the Reduction of Organic and Inorganic Pollutants

“…Subsequently, electrons are transported from the catalyst surface to the [Fe(CN) 6 ] −3 pollutant, where they are reduced to [Fe(CN) 6 ] −4 . The obtained reduction results of all studied compounds were compared with the literature, as shown in Table 1 [ 1 , 6 , 18 , 27 , 42 , 46 , 47 , 48 ].…”

“…After that, 0.5 mL of fresh reducing agent (0.1 M NaBH 4 ) was added, followed by 5 mg of CMC/CuO-TiO 2 beads, and the UV-vis absorption spectrum was continually recorded every 1.0 min. The percent % reduction of all compounds was calculated by utilizing Equation (1): where C 0 and C t are the initial and final concentrations of the studied compounds [ 6 ].…”

“…The demand for pollution management around the world is to develop new cost-effective, environmentally friendly, simple, and new manageable processes to remove the toxic contaminants or convert into the toxins into useful compounds. The rising advancement of usage of green chemistry in pollution management is due to the fact that environmentally friendly processes have a long history of being both environmentally and economically beneficial [ 6 , 7 , 8 ]. Recently, huge efforts have been made to develop methods based on catalytic reduction/degradation/transformation of these toxic contaminates to less toxic form and useful compounds which is a good way to deal with wastewater contaminates.…”

Emerging Fabrication Strategies of Hydrogels and Its Applications

“…Additionally, a complex may be formed from Fe 2+/ Fe 3+ in the presence of negatively charged functional ligands, and thus a low yield of Fe 3 O 4 hydrogel may be obtained [82]. Besides this, copper oxideantimony oxide (Cu 2 O-Sb 2 O 3 ) was prepared and entrapped inside a Na-alginate hydrogel (Alg@Cu 2 O-Sb 2 O 3 ) [83][84][85][86].…”

Cu-containing polyoxometalate-based melamine in the environmental remediation of toxic organic pollutants

“…5(a), the absorption peak at 415 nm disappeared with time, indicating the catalytic reduction of 2-NP into the corresponding amine (2-aminophenol; 2-AP). 48 The reduction percentage of 2-NP with time was also considered (Fig. 5(b)).…”