Copper sufficiency concentration in leaves and grains in two representative biomes of soybean crops in Brazil

Prediction of soybean yield cultivated under subtropical conditions using artificial neural networks

“…Although the foliar K concentration was correlated with GY, this correlation is not supported by a previous study of the nutrient use efficiency of these cultivars (Moreira et al., 2015). The soil K concentration was 0.7–0.9 cmol c kg −1 , which is considered high for subtropical conditions (defined as > 0.41 cmol c kg −1 ; Moreira & Moraes, 2018), but did not affect soybean GY regardless of the cultivar.…”

“…The soybean seeds were inoculated with Bradyrhizobium elkanii (SEMIA 5019) + B. japonicum (SEMIA 5079) at a rate of 10 mL of inoculum (10 9 cells per mL) per kg of seed. Before sowing, 25.0 g ha −1 molybdenum (Mo), 10.0 g ha −1 nickel (Ni), and 3.0 g ha −1 cobalt (Co) were applied (Moreira & Moraes, 2018; Moreira et al., 2018). In the first season only, 1.0 Mg ha −1 dolomite limestone (MgO > 12%) and 1.0 Mg ha −1 gypsum (CaSO 4 , 16% Ca and 13% S) was also applied 30 days before sowing.…”

“…In the first season only, 1.0 Mg ha −1 dolomite limestone (MgO > 12%) and 1.0 Mg ha −1 gypsum (CaSO 4 , 16% Ca and 13% S) was also applied 30 days before sowing. The soil was fertilized with 320 kg ha −1 of nitrogen–phosphorus–potassium (N–P–K; 2–6.9–14.9) in the furrows immediately before sowing as recommended for soybean in Brazil (Moreira & Moraes, 2018). The rows were planted with 14 ± 2 seeds per meter and spaced 45 cm apart.…”

“…Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merrill] is a globally important crop because of its chemical composition, nutritional quality, and productive potential (Kamali et al., 2017). In Brazil, soybean is a major agricultural commodity and accounts for approximately 13% of the country's exports (Moreira et al., 2022; Moretti et al., 2020). However, inefficient management practices such as inadequate fertilizer and corrective use and unfavorable climate conditions limit the ability of farmers to fully exploit the maximum soybean yield potential (Garcia y Garcia et al., 2003; Hoeft, 2003; Moreira & Moraes, 2018).…”

“…In Brazil, soybean is a major agricultural commodity and accounts for approximately 13% of the country's exports (Moreira et al., 2022; Moretti et al., 2020). However, inefficient management practices such as inadequate fertilizer and corrective use and unfavorable climate conditions limit the ability of farmers to fully exploit the maximum soybean yield potential (Garcia y Garcia et al., 2003; Hoeft, 2003; Moreira & Moraes, 2018). The greatest challenge for soybean management is climate conditions and their interactions with plant nutrition (Fageria et al., 2011).…”