Copper toxicity in Prunus cerasifera: growth and antioxidant enzymes responses of in vitro grown plants

Lombardi, Lara; Sebastiani, L.

doi:10.1016/j.plantsci.2004.10.012

Cited by 194 publications

(112 citation statements)

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“…3a). Being a transition metal, Cu in excess induces the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) based on the Fenton or Haber-Weiss reactions [14] and it changes the activities or transcription levels of antioxidants [20,27,28]. In the short term, the activity of the H 2 O 2 decomposing enzyme CAT decreased by ~40% as the effect of excess Cu in B. juncea shoots.…”

Section: Oxidative Damage and Activation Of The Antioxidant Defence Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing the effects of excess copper in the leaves ofBrassica juncea(L. Czern) andBrassica napus(L.) seedlings: Growth inhibition, oxidative stress and photosynthetic damage

Feigl¹,

Kumar²,

Lehotai³

et al. 2015

Acta Biologica Hungarica

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Hydroponic experiments were conducted to compare the effects of excess copper (Cu) on growth and photosynthesis in young Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) and oilseed rape (Brassica napus). We compared the effects of excess Cu on the two Brassica species at different physiological levels from antioxidant levels to photosynthetic activity. Nine-day-old plants were treated with Cu (10, 25 and 50 µM CuSO 4 ) for 7 and 14 days. Both species took up Cu from the external solution to a similar degree but showed slight root-to-shoot translocation. Furthermore, after seven days of treatment, excess Cu significantly decreased other microelement content, such as iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn), especially in the shoots of B. napus. As a consequence, the leaves of young Brassica napus plants showed decreased concentrations of photosynthetic pigments and more intense growth inhibition; however, accumulation of highly reactive oxygen species (hROS) were not detected. After 14 days of Cu exposure the reduction of Fe and Mn contents and shoot growth proved to be comparable in the two species. Moreover, a significant Cu-induced hROS accumulation was observed in both Brassica species. The diminution in pigment contents and photosynthetic efficiency were more pronounced in B. napus during prolonged Cu exposure. Based on all the parameters, B. juncea appears to be more resistant to excess Cu than B. napus, rendering it a species with higher potential for phytoremediation.Keywords: Brassica juncea -Brassica napus -copper -oxidative stress -phytoremediation -photosynthesis INTRODUCTIONAmong heavy metals, copper in trace amounts is essential for plant life but it becomes toxic at higher concentrations. In excess, this heavy metal seriously inhibits leaf expansion at the early growth stage and it causes changes in physiological processes such as transpiration, photosynthetic electron transport and biosynthesis of chlorophyll [30]. Indeed, photosynthesis is the most heavy metal-sensitive process [1] since * Corresponding author; e-mail address: fglgbr@gmail.com + These authors contributed equally to this work. 206Gábor FeiGl et al. Biologica Hungarica 66, 2015 excess Cu can, inter alia, affect photosynthetic electron transport on the reducing side of PSI at the level of ferredoxin. In addition, it can alter the PSII on the oxidising side by inhibiting the electron transport at P680 as well as by inactivating some PSII reaction centres [41]. A few studies indicate that excess Cu can impair the PSII electron transport on its reducing side by affecting the rate of electron transfer from tyrosine (Y Z ) to the oxidized primary donor P680 + [16]. ActaAt the molecular level, excess Cu is able to induce the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) via the Fenton or Haber-Weiss reactions which subsequently damage proteins, nucleic acids and lipids [14]. This effect of excess Cu was supported by the positive correlation between Cu-treatment and the production of hydroxyl radicals in Arabidopsis [9]. Besides, excess Cu can indirectly cause oxida...

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Section: Oxidative Damage and Activation Of The Antioxidant Defence Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing the effects of excess copper in the leaves ofBrassica juncea(L. Czern) andBrassica napus(L.) seedlings: Growth inhibition, oxidative stress and photosynthetic damage

Feigl¹,

Kumar²,

Lehotai³

et al. 2015

Acta Biologica Hungarica

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“…Copper excess also interferes in the activity of several enzymes (Lombardi and Sebastiani, 2005) and in some aspects associated with photosynthesis, pigment synthesis, fatty acid and protein metabolism, respiration, N fixation processes and membrane integrity, among others (Ducić and Polle, 2005). Some chloroplast proteins and the enzymes glutamine synthase (GS) and ferredoxin-dependent glutamate synthase (Fd-GOGAT), involved in the assimilation of NH 4 + , are very susceptible to heavy metal toxicity, especially Fd-GOGAT to Cu excess (Demirevska-Kepova et al, 2004).…”

Section: Coppermentioning

confidence: 99%

Tolerance and prospection of phytoremediator woody species of Cd, Pb, Cu and Cr

Almeida

Valle

Mielke

et al. 2007

Braz. J. Plant Physiol.

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High concentrations of Cd, Pb, Cu and Cr can cause harmful effects to the environment. These highly toxic pollutants constitute a risk for aquatic and terrestrial life. They are associated with diverse bioavailable geochemical fractions, like the water-soluble fraction and the exchangeable fraction, and non-available fractions like those associated with the crystalline net of clays and silica minerals. Depending upon their chemical and physical properties we can distinguish different mechanisms of metal toxicity in plants, such as production of reactive oxygen species from auto-oxidation, blocking and/or displacement of essential functional groups or metallic ions of biomolecules, changes in the permeability of cellular membranes, reactions of sulphydryl groups with cations, affinity for reactions with phosphate groups and active groups of ADP or ATP, substitution of essential ions, induction of chromosomal anomalies and decrease of the cellular division rate. However, some plant species have developed tolerance or resistance to these metals naturally. Such evolution of ecotypes is a classic example of local adaptation and microevolution, restricted to species with appropriate genetic variability. Phytoremediator woody species, with (i) high biomass production, (ii) a deep root system, (iii) high growth rate, (iv) high capacity to grow in impoverished soils, and (v) high capacity to allocate metals in the trunk, can be an alternative for the recovery of degraded soils due to excess of metallic elements. Phytoremediation using woody species presents advantageous characteristics as an economic and ecologically viable system, making it an appropriate, practical and successful technology. Key-words: decontamination, heavy metals, hyperaccumulation, phytodegradation, phytostabilization, phytotoxicity Tolerância e prospecção de espécies lenhosas fitorremediadoras de Cd, Pb, Cu e Cr: Altas concentrações de Cd, Pb, Cu e Cr podem provocar efeitos danosos ao ambiente. Esses poluentes altamente tóxicos constituem um risco para a vida aquática e terrestre. Encontram-se associados às diversas frações geoquímicas biodisponíveis, a exemplo da fração solúvel em água e da fração trocável, e as não disponíveis como a fração associada à rede cristalina de argilas e de minerais silicatados. Conforme as suas propriedades químicas e físicas podem-se distinguir mecanismos diferentes de toxicidade de metais em plantas, tais como produção de espécies reativas de oxigênio pela auto-oxidação, bloqueio e, ou, deslocamento de grupos funcionais ou de íons metálicos essenciais de biomoléculas, mudanças na permeabilidade de membranas celulares, reações de grupos sulfidrílicos com cátions, afinidade para reações com grupos fosfatos e grupos ativos de ADP ou ATP, substituição de íons essenciais, indução de anomalias cromossomais e decréscimo da taxa de divisão celular. Várias espécies vegetais desenvolveram, naturalmente, tolerância ou resistência a esses metais. Essa evolução de ecótipos é exemplo clássico de adaptação local e de microevolução,...

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“…However, Cu also induces toxicity at tissue concentrations slightly above its optimal levels [2]. It can produce a mass of reactive oxygen species, damage cell membranes, and accumulate peroxide [3]. Glutathione (GSH) plays an important role in the heavy metal detoxification mechanism of plants [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cu and Cd induced Cytotoxicity Involving Lipid Peroxidation and Sulfhydryl Compounds in the Hyperaccumulator and Nonaccumulator Varieties of Commelina Communis

Hai-ou¹

2013

IJESD

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Abstract-The ability to accumulate Cu and Cd was investigated in Cu hyperaccumulator and nonaccumulator varieties of Commelina communis. Furthermore, the role of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and phytochelatin (PC) in the detoxification mechanisms used by the hyperaccumulator C. communis to cope with heavy metals were investigated. Results showed that Cu and Cd contents of both leaves and roots in the hyperaccumulator were higher than those in the nonaccumulator. However, the hyperaccumulator variety could have a more powerful ability to transport Cu and Cd from roots to shoots, thus decreasing the toxicity risk. Meanwhile, the MDA, GSH, and PC contents in the hyperaccumulator were significantly lower than those in the nonaccumulator under Cu and Cd stress, indicating that the former can utilize these sulfhydryl compounds to reduce toxicity caused by metal ions. Thus, the hyperaccumulator can tolerate heavy metal-induced toxicity better than the nonaccumulator.Index Terms-Heavy metals, malondialdehyde, glutathione, phytochelatin. I. INTRODUCTIONCu is an essential micronutrient for plants, a component of several electron transport enzymes, and is involved in catalyzing redox reactions in mitochondria and chloroplasts [1]. However, Cu also induces toxicity at tissue concentrations slightly above its optimal levels [2]. It can produce a mass of reactive oxygen species, damage cell membranes, and accumulate peroxide [3]. Glutathione (GSH) plays an important role in the heavy metal detoxification mechanism of plants [4]. GSH is a ubiquitous molecule with several roles in cell metabolism, including reactive oxygen species processing, redox state regulation, transport of amino acids, and sulfur storage [5], [6]. A function of GSH could be the chelation of toxic Cd (II) ions during their transport through the cytoplasm [7]. GSH is also used to synthesize phytochelatin (PC) [8]- [10]. Numerous physiological studies have indicated that the roles of PC include heavy metal detoxification [11] and maintenance of the homeostasis of intracellular levels of essential metal ions [12]. Malondialdehyde (MDA) is often used as an indicator of Manuscript received January 14, 2013; revised March 14, 2013 Commelina communis is commonly known in China as an annual multibranched herb with erect stems in its upper part and creeping stems in its lower part. Many studies have been performed to illustrate the hyperaccumulating mechanism of the hyperaccumulator variety of C. communis. Reports that describe the reaction of MDA, GSH, and PC to Cu, however, number much less. Moreover, scholars widely hypothesize that the hyperaccumulator can accumulate more than one kind of heavy metal. As such, two of varieties of C. communis were studied in our experiment as to whether or not they could also accumulate Cd in addition to Cu. The movement of MDA, GSH, and PC in the two varieties was further investigated under Cu-and Cd-induced stress. The study is an attempt to understand the mechanism by which the hyperaccumulator variety can tolera...

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Copper toxicity in Prunus cerasifera: growth and antioxidant enzymes responses of in vitro grown plants

Cited by 194 publications

References 30 publications

Comparing the effects of excess copper in the leaves ofBrassica juncea(L. Czern) andBrassica napus(L.) seedlings: Growth inhibition, oxidative stress and photosynthetic damage

Comparing the effects of excess copper in the leaves ofBrassica juncea(L. Czern) andBrassica napus(L.) seedlings: Growth inhibition, oxidative stress and photosynthetic damage

Tolerance and prospection of phytoremediator woody species of Cd, Pb, Cu and Cr

Cu and Cd induced Cytotoxicity Involving Lipid Peroxidation and Sulfhydryl Compounds in the Hyperaccumulator and Nonaccumulator Varieties of Commelina Communis

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