Coprostanol and bacterial indicators of faecal pollution in the Scheldt estuary

Yde, M.; Wulf, E. De; Maeyer-Cleempoel, S. De; Quaghebeur, D.

doi:10.1007/bf01608564

Cited by 21 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…This implies that the presence of E. coli is more likely to coincide with the source of coprostanol than total coliform bacteria or fecal streptococci and would be the most suitable representative of a bacterial index for fecal input in the study area. It has been noted that soil microbes or other nonfecal bacteria may have been mistakenly counted as total coliform bacteria, reducing their reliability as fecal indicators (17). Interestingly, fecal streptococci showed the weakest correlation with coprostanol concentration in Vietnam (r 2 ) 0.35), whereas some previous reports have suggested that fecal streptococci are favorable bacterial indicators (20).…”

Section: Establishment Of a Simple And Sensitive Methods For Sterolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Application of Fecal Sterols Using Gas Chromatography−Mass Spectrometry To Investigate Fecal Pollution in Tropical Waters: Western Malaysia and Mekong Delta, Vietnam

Isobe

Tarao

Zakaria

et al. 2002

Environ. Sci. Technol.

166

131

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This is the first report on fecal pollution using molecular markers in Southeast Asia where serious sewage pollution has occurred. A simple and sensitive analytical method using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for 10 sterols in various environmental samples was developed to monitor extensive areas of tropical Asia. First, the method was applied to wastewater to confirm that >95% of sterols existed in the particulate phase. Then the approach was applied to a tropical Asian region, Malaysia and Vietnam, with a selection of 59 sampling stations in total. River water and sediment samples were collected and analyzed for chemical markers (coprostanol and other sterols) and microbiological markers (fecal coliforms and fecal streptococci). Particulate coprostanol concentrations ranged from <0.0001 to 13.47 microg/L in tropical river and estuarine waters, indicating severe fecal pollution in populous areas. Coprostanol concentrations in the sediments ranged from 0.005 to 15.5 microg/g-dry. The sedimentary coprostanol concentrations were lower than those reported in some urban areas of industrialized countries. This is probably because frequent heavy rain induces intensive input of eroded soil, which dilutes fecal material in river sediments. The relationship between the concentrations of fecal sterols and bacterial indicators was examined in an attempt to develop public health criteria for coprostanol levels applicable to the tropical region. Coprostanol concentrations of 30-100 ng/L or percent coprostanol levels of 2% corresponded to approximately 1000 fecal coliforms per 100 mL, which is set for secondary contact limit in many countries. These coprostanol concentrations were lower than those proposed as criteria in temperate countries, probably owing to greater survival of bacteria in warmer tropical waters. On the basis of these criteria, extensive monitoring of sediments suggests that poor sanitary conditions exist in most of the urbanized area of Malaysia and in several urban and rural sites in Vietnam.

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Section: Establishment Of a Simple And Sensitive Methods For Sterolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Application of Fecal Sterols Using Gas Chromatography−Mass Spectrometry To Investigate Fecal Pollution in Tropical Waters: Western Malaysia and Mekong Delta, Vietnam

Isobe

Tarao

Zakaria

et al. 2002

Environ. Sci. Technol.

166

131

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show abstract

“…Coprostanol (5 -cholestan-3 -ol) has been used to trace sewage pollution in various sedimentary environments (Goodfellow et al, 1977;Hatcher & McGillivary, 1979;Yde et al, 1982;Brown & Wade, 1984;Readman et al, 1986;Venkatesan & Kaplan, 1990;LeBlanc et al, 1992). A chronological study of coprostanol concentrations in a dated sediment core has been shown to reflect the true sewage inputs over 160 years (Muller et al, 1979).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coprostanol in a Sediment Core from the Anoxic Tan-Shui Estuary, Taiwan

Jeng

Han

1996

Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science

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“…Studies on coprostanol have dealt primarily with its content in water and sediment as an indicator of sewage pollution (Goodfellow et al, 1977;Hatcher & McGillivary, 1979;McCalley et al, 1980;Yde et al, 1982;Brown & Wade, 1984;Dureth et al, 1986;Grimalt et al, 1990;Venkatesan & Kaplan, 1990;LeBlanc et al, 1992). The distribution of coprostanol in surface sediments showed a progressive decline from sewage outfalls in an ocean basin (Venkatesan & Kaplan, 1990) and from the head of a bay (LeBlanc et al, 1992).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The distribution of coprostanol in surface sediments showed a progressive decline from sewage outfalls in an ocean basin (Venkatesan & Kaplan, 1990) and from the head of a bay (LeBlanc et al, 1992). Coprostanol has been shown to be a reliable marker of sewage pollution when coliform bacteria may have been destroyed due to high temperatures or the presence of toxic substances (Churchland et al, 1982;Yde et al, 1982;Dureth et al, 1986). It has been demonstrated that coprostanol will degrade during aerobic wastewater treatment processes (McCally et al, 1981) or when incubated with bacteria isolated from lake water (Switzer-Howse & Dutka, 1978).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%