Coralloid Carbon Fiber-Based Composite Lithium Anode for Robust Lithium Metal Batteries

Abstract

Lithium (Li) metal is among the most promising anode materials for nextgeneration high-energy-density batteries. However, both dendrite growth and unstable solid electrolyte interphases have hindered its practical applications. Herein, we propose a coralloid carbon fiber-based composite lithium anode, which is an initially Li-containing structured anode. Such electrode design renders dendrite-free morphology during repeated stripping/plating cycles and extraordinary electrochemical performance in Li-LiFePO 4 and Li-sulfur cells.

Guiding Uniform Li Plating/Stripping through Lithium–Aluminum Alloying Medium for Long‐Life Li Metal Batteries

“…However,limited by the "lithiophobic" nature of the 3D hosts,t he Li anodes usually demonstrated al arge nucleation barrier;t herefore,alithiophilic matrix is required to reduce the nucleation barrier. Loading with nanomaterials with low overpotential for Li nucleation, such as ZnO, [7b,8] Au, [9] and Ag [10] have been utilized to improve this lithiophilic nature.A lternative materials based on Li-rich composite alloys such as lithium silicide, [11] Li 13 In 3 , [12] and Li 3 Bi, [12] have also attracted increasing attention owing to the strong bonding interactions to Li. Because the alloy layer exhibits fine Li metal wettability,Liis inclined to nucleate on the alloy sites and is evenly deposited in the subsequent process.I na ddition, owing to its Li-rich feature,t he generated alloy might act as an optional Li resource to the compensate irreversible Li loss caused by the detrimental reaction between Li and electrolyte during cycling, [13] ensuring ap rolonged lifespan of the battery.I n spite of their success,t he scaled-up application of these strategies is still limited by the complicated operation processes,t he low natural abundance,a nd the instability in air of the alloying elements.…”

Nitrogen‐doped nanoarray‐modified 3D hierarchical graphene as a cofunction host for high‐performance flexible Li‐S battery

“…To overcome challenges in Li-S batteries, various methods have been thoroughly explored for Li anode or S cathode separately, with little attention to the cofunction hosts for both Li and S. [13][14][15] For Li anode, there are some strategies to improve the cycling performance, including the design of stable artificial solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), [16][17][18] rational engineering of interfacial layer, [19][20][21][22][23] the use of vertically aligned channels, 24,25 the introduction of 3D scaffolds as the current collectors, [26][27][28][29][30] and so on. 31 3D porous scaffolds are the current research hotspot in Li anode for improving the Li plating/stripping behavior by accommodating volume change and reducing current density.…”

Self‐Formed Protection Layer on a 3D Lithium Metal Anode for Ultrastable Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

“…[39][40][41] Among them, the 3D carbon skeleton with ah igh surface area can provide al arge interface for lithium deposition, which efficiently reduces and homogenizes the local current density to suppress the growth of dendriticl ithium.F urthermore, itsh igh porosity can effectively buffer the volumec hange of the lithium during charge and discharge. [32,34] In common Li-Sbatteries with ether electrolyte and LiNO 3 additives, aspontaneous protection layer formed between lithium and electrolyte consumes the lithium,s ulfur,L iNO 3 ,a nd solventd uring the cycling process. [32,34] In common Li-Sbatteries with ether electrolyte and LiNO 3 additives, aspontaneous protection layer formed between lithium and electrolyte consumes the lithium,s ulfur,L iNO 3 ,a nd solventd uring the cycling process.…”

“…To overcome these issues, variousk inds of methods have been used to reinforce and stabilize the SEI layer on lithium metal, such as in situ polymerization by electrolytea dditives, [10][11][12][13][14][15][16] artificial organic/inorganic hybrid protective layer, [17][18][19][20][21][22] and electrolyte component optimization [23][24][25][26] to achieve relativelyh igh lithium coulombic efficiencies. However, most of these improvements are verifieda tl ow deposition capacity or low currentd ensity,w hich is far from the conditions in actual application.T oa chieve ac yclinga rea capacity above 4mAh cm À2 on the lithium anode side, lithium composite anodesw ith 3D conductive skeletons have been fabricated, such as ap orousc opper skeleton, [27][28][29] self-supported carbon skeletons such as carbon nanotubes, [30,31] carbon fibers, [32,33] Lithium metal anodes are ak ey component of high-energydensity lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries. However,t he issues associated with lithium anodesr emain unsolved owing to the immature lithium anode constructiona nd protection technology,w hich leads to internal short circuits, poor capacity retention, and low coulombic efficiency for high-sulfur-loading Li-S batteries.…”