“…Various bottom-up approaches have been developed to overcome the shortcomings associated with the top-down methods such as lack of control over cell distribution in the area or volume of scaffolds. The building blocks in the bottom-up techniques are cell-laden fibers and the assembling methods include random fiber deposition (Sugimoto et al, 2011), weaving (Onoe et al, 2011, Onoe et al, 2010), direct plotting (writing) (Cohen et al, 2006, Fedorovich et al, 2008, Fedorovich, Moroni, 2010, Gaetani, Doevendans, 2012, Ghorbanian, Qasaimeh, 2009), and winding (Liberski et al, 2011). Liberski et al used a core-sheath setup where a core material with high mechanical strength was coated with cell-laden alginate (Liberski, Delaney, 2011).…”