Core–Shell Structured Fluorescent Protein Nanoparticles: New Paradigm Toward Zero‐Thermal‐Quenching in High‐Power Biohybrid Light‐Emitting Diodes

Abstract

Stable and efficient high‐power biohybrid light‐emitting diodes (Bio‐HLEDs) using fluorescent proteins (FPs) in photon downconverting filters have not been achieved yet, reaching best efficiencies of 130 lm W−1 stable for >5 h. This is related to the rise of the device temperature (70–80 °C) caused by FP‐motion and quick heat‐transmission in water‐based filters, they lead to a strong thermal emission quenching followed by the quick chromophore deactivation via photoinduced H‐transfer. To tackle both issues at once, this work shows an elegant concept of a new FP‐based nanoparticle, in which the FP core is shielded by a SiO2‐shell (FP@SiO2) with no loss of the photoluminescence figures‐of‐merit over years in foreign environments: dry powder at 25 °C (ambient) or constant 50 °C, as well as suspensions in organic solvents. This enables the preparation of water‐free photon downconverting coatings with FP@SiO2, realizing on‐chip high‐power Bio‐HLEDs with 100 lm W−1 stable for >120 h. Both thermal emission quenching and H‐transfer deactivation are suppressed, since the device temperature holds <40 °C and remote high‐power Bio‐HLEDs exhibit final stabilities of 130 days compared to reference devices with water‐based FP@SiO2 (83 days) and FP‐polymer coatings (>100 h). Hence, FP@SiO2 is a new paradigm toward water‐free zero‐thermal‐quenching biophosphors for first‐class high‐power Bio‐HLEDs.

Supercharged Fluorescent Protein-Apoferritin Cocrystals for Lighting Applications

“…embedded into polymer and epoxy matrices have been explored. Among them, fluorescent proteins (FPs) are considered a paradigm of sustainable development with respect to their cheap bacterial production, easy recyclability, water-processability, and excellent emission merits: high molar extinction coefficients (ε) and photoluminescence quantum yields (ϕ), as well as narrow emission band covering the whole visible spectrum. − In addition, FP-based HLED performance stood up with stabilities of >3,000 h and efficiencies of >130 lm/W at low-power conditions (<50 mW/cm 2 photon flux excitations), comparable to other devices with traditional OPs: ( i ) perylene diimide-polymer with <700 h@130 lm/W, ( ii ) BODIPYs-polymer with <10 h@13 lm/W, and ( iii ) Iridium­(III) complex-polymer with <1,000 h@100 lm/W. − In contrast, the device stability is typically reduced to <5 min at high-power operation conditions (blue 200 mW/cm 2 photon-flux excitation) due to photoinduced heat generation in the color down-converting coating related to FP motion and efficient heat transfer in a water-rich environment. , Several strategies have been proposed to circumvent this issue by ( i ) fabricating waterless polymer composites (<2 h) and ( ii ) water-free FP isolation using sol–gel chemistry tools (<120 h) …”

“… 10 , 11 Several strategies have been proposed to circumvent this issue by ( i ) fabricating waterless polymer composites (<2 h) 10 and ( ii ) water-free FP isolation using sol–gel chemistry tools (<120 h). 12 …”

Comprehensive advances in the synthesis, fluorescence mechanism and multifunctional applications of red-emitting carbon nanomaterials

“…This effect is caused by the generation of a metal-carbonyl pbond via the donation of a pair of electrons from a lled dorbital of a metal ion into the vacant antibonding p-orbital of carbonyl groups present on the surface of the core-shell of CNMs. [326][327][328] The core-shell type carbon nanomaterials are a class of biphasic materials that have an inner core compact formation along with an outer shell made of different materials. When an additive molecule is added to FCNMs, a core-shell structure is achieved, which enhances optical properties synergistically.…”

Genetically Encoded Oligomerization for Protein‐Based Lighting Devices

“…[7,[26][27][28][29][30][31] Among them, FPs are considered a model of sustainability with respect to their cheap bacterial production, easy recyclability, water-processability, excellent emission merits, and low-cost as high purification levels are not required. [32][33][34][35] In addition, the performance of Bio-HLEDs is becoming more and more appealing with stabilities of >3000 h and efficiencies of >130 lm W −1 at low-power conditions (<50 mW cm −2 photon flux excitation) [7] compared to other devices with traditional organic phosphors: i) perylene diimide-polymer with <700 h@130 lm W −1 , [29] ii) BODIPYs-polymer with <10 h@13 lm W −1 , [31] and iii) Iridium(III) complex-polymer with <1000 h@100 lm W −1 . [30] In contrast, the device stability is typically reduced to <5 min at high-power operation conditions (200 mW cm −2 photon-flux excitation; due to photo-induced heat generation (up to 70 °C) in the color down-converting coating caused by FP motion and efficient heat transfer in a water-rich environment.…”