Corn Emergence as Influenced by Soil Temperature, Matric Potential, and Aggregate Size Distribution

Schneider, E. C.; Gupta, Satish C.

doi:10.2136/sssaj1985.03615995004900020029x

Cited by 131 publications

(100 citation statements)

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“…This promotes biological activity and enhances nitrogen mineralization, especially in the surface layers (Dao 1993;Hatfield & Pruegar 1996). This is a very important factor in tropical and subtropical environments but has been shown to be a hindrance in temperate climates due to delays in soil warming in the spring and delayed germination (Schneider & Gupta 1985;Kaspar et al 1990;Burgess et al 1996;Swanson & Wilhelm 1996). Fabrizzi et al (2005) showed that NT had lower soil temperatures in the spring in Argentina, but TT had higher maximum temperatures in the summer, and that average temperatures during the season were similar.…”

Section: Conservation Agriculture Definedmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of conservation agriculture in sustainable agriculture

Hobbs

Sayre

Gupta

2007

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

1,249

713

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The paper focuses on conservation agriculture (CA), defined as minimal soil disturbance (no-till, NT) and permanent soil cover (mulch) combined with rotations, as a more sustainable cultivation system for the future. Cultivation and tillage play an important role in agriculture. The benefits of tillage in agriculture are explored before introducing conservation tillage (CT), a practice that was borne out of the American dust bowl of the 1930s. The paper then describes the benefits of CA, a suggested improvement on CT, where NT, mulch and rotations significantly improve soil properties and other biotic factors. The paper concludes that CA is a more sustainable and environmentally friendly management system for cultivating crops. Case studies from the rice-wheat areas of the Indo-Gangetic Plains of South Asia and the irrigated maize-wheat systems of Northwest Mexico are used to describe how CA practices have been used in these two environments to raise production sustainably and profitably. Benefits in terms of greenhouse gas emissions and their effect on global warming are also discussed. The paper concludes that agriculture in the next decade will have to sustainably produce more food from less land through more efficient use of natural resources and with minimal impact on the environment in order to meet growing population demands. Promoting and adopting CA management systems can help meet this goal.

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Section: Conservation Agriculture Definedmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of conservation agriculture in sustainable agriculture

Hobbs

Sayre

Gupta

2007

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

1,249

713

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Soil structural properties are also influenced by many physical and biogeochemical processes in soils (Amezketa 1999). Many soil functions such as seed placement and germination (Kay and Angers 1999;Reuss et al 2001), root growth (Lipiec et al 2007), water and oxygen availability, resistance to root penetration in seedbed (Schneider and Gupta 1985;Nasr and Selles 1995), soil hydraulic properties and solute transport processes are affected by ASD. Soil aggregation is strongly influenced by land use (John et al 2005;Ashagrie et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of models for description of wet aggregate size distribution from soils of different land uses

Tirgarsoltani

Gorji

Mohammadi

et al. 2014

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

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A proper description of aggregate size distribution (ASD) with an optimum mathematical model would be useful in modeling and monitoring land use effect. The objective of this study was to evaluate the suitability of six cumulative distribution models, namely, Jaky, normal, log-normal, Rosin-Rammler, Fredlund and a mass-based fractal model with wet aggregate size distribution (WASD) data sets from a given range of soil structural properties. The models were tested on wet sieving data of samples that had been collected from a number of different land use types (dry farmland, rangeland and forestland). Three statistical criteria, namely, coefficient of determination (R 2 ), Mallows statistics (C p ), and Akaike's information criterion (AIC), were used for evaluating model performance, based on the least sum of square error and number of fitting parameters. Analysis of R 2 showed that the Fredlund three-parameter model showed the best performance in all of the soils apart from the number of parameters. The log-normal model gave a good fit on WASD from rangeland and forestland; it was the best especially in dry farmland. The normal model provided a good description of WASD from the rangeland and forest. However, it failed in dry farmland. According to C p and AIC as the evaluation criteria, the fractal model was the optimum to describe WASD for all of the land uses. The Fredlund, log-normal, Jaky and Rosin-Rammler models ranked next in the given order.

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“…Schneider and Gupta (1985) found that at soil moisture contents near or above f,reld capacity, the mean soil temperature was the most important factor affecting the emergence time; Cutforth and Shaykewich (1989) (Topp et al 1980) Preliminary analysis indicated that scatter in the data was smallest for conventional tillage and largest for no-till (Fig. 1) with a SEE of ll.8%.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It does not show any serious lack of fit. The fitted function also corresponds to the hand-drawn best-fit function proposed by Schneider and Gupta (1985). Table 1, the estimates of GDD requirement to achieve selected levels of emergence are indicated.…”

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confidence: 99%