Corneal Complications of Intraocular Surgery

Sugar, Alan

doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-06387-6.00103-3

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 209 publications

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“…Infectious diseases and corneal scarring are the most common indications in many developing countries . Bullous keratopathy, or corneal edema after damage to the endothelium during intra‐ocular surgery, is a leading indication for PK and corneal transplantation in general . Re‐transplantation, resulting from graft failure, is one of the top indications for PK in several countries, including the USA.…”

Section: Prevention Of and Treatment For Corneal Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Corneal blindness and xenotransplantation

Lamm

Hara

Mammen

et al. 2014

Xenotransplantation

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Approximately 39 million people are blind worldwide, with an estimated 285 million visually impaired. The developing world shoulders 90% of the world’s blindness, with 80% of causative diseases being preventable or treatable. Blindness has a major detrimental impact on the patient, community, and healthcare spending. Corneal diseases are significant causes of blindness, affecting at least 4 million people worldwide. The prevalence of corneal disease varies among parts of the world. Trachoma, for instance, is the second leading cause of blindness in Africa, after cataracts, but is rarely found today in developed nations. When preventive strategies have failed, corneal transplantation is the most effective treatment for advanced corneal disease. The major surgical techniques for corneal transplantation include penetrating keratoplasty (PK), anterior lamellar keratoplasty (ALK), and endothelial keratoplasty (EK). Indications for corneal transplantation vary among countries, with Fuchs’ dystrophy being the leading indication in the U.S. and keratoconus in Australia. With the exception of the US, where EK will soon overtake PK as the most common surgical procedure, PK is the overwhelming procedure of choice. Success using corneal grafts in developing nations, such as Nepal, demonstrates the feasibility of corneal transplantation on a global scale. The number of suitable corneas from deceased human donors that becomes available will never be sufficient, and so research into various alternatives, e.g., stem cells, amniotic membrane transplantation, synthetic and biosynthetic corneas, and xenotransplantation, is progressing. While each of these has potential, we suggest that xenotransplantation holds the greatest potential for a corneal replacement. With the increasing availability of genetically-engineered pigs, pig corneas may alleviate the global shortage of corneas in the near future.

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Section: Prevention Of and Treatment For Corneal Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%