Corneal Pigment Deposits From Topically Administered Epinephrine

Krejcí, L; Harrison, Raymond

doi:10.1001/archopht.1969.00990020828020

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Black deposits on the conjunctiva and cornea following the long‐term use of topical epinephrine eye drops were first reported in man in 1927 17 . The corneal lesions have clinical and histological features which are similar to feline sequestra 17,18 . Following these reports, Souri 2 proposed that tear catecholamines may have a role in corneal sequestrum but then dismissed this idea as such compounds had not been used in affected cats.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feline corneal sequestrum: laboratory analysis of ocular samples from 12 cats

Featherstone¹,

Franklin

Sansom

2004

Veterinary Ophthalmology

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Feline corneal sequestrum is a common ocular condition typified by brown to black discoloration of the cornea. The nature of the discoloration has not been identified. The purpose of this study was to perform a laboratory investigation of ocular samples from 12 clinical cases of feline corneal sequestrum in an attempt to characterize the nature of the discoloration. The 12 cases were referred to the Ophthalmology Unit at the Animal Health Trust between April and September 2000, and were also part of a clinical review of 64 cases of feline corneal sequestrum described separately. Five laboratory techniques that are routinely performed at the Biomaterials Unit, Aston University were employed for analysis of the ocular samples. Ocular material included corneal sequestrum, tear samples, meibomian gland secretions, and bandage contact lenses from the 12 clinical cases. High-performance liquid chromatography data showed that total tear lipid in affected eyes was significantly lower than in control eyes (P = 0.016); total tear lipid in affected eyes was lower than in the unaffected, contralateral eyes of the same cat but the difference was not significant (P = 0.29). The presence of an unknown lipid class was observed in tears and meibomian secretions of affected, contralateral and control eyes. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the discoloration in affected corneas was not due to the presence of iron. Fluorescence spectroscopic analysis of sequestra, unaffected corneas and contact lenses (from affected and contralateral/unaffected eyes) showed that lipid and protein were present but did not play an important role in sequestra. Ultraviolet-visible light absorbance spectroscopy revealed a peak at 385 nm in unaffected corneas that was absent in sequestra and the difference was significant (P < 0.0001); this peak may be a characteristic feature of the normal feline cornea. The absorbance spectra displayed a peak at 280 nm in two sequestra suggesting that chromophore groups (e.g. melanin) were present. Optical microscopy performed on 10 sequestra revealed the presence of particles, which were consistent with the appearance of melanin particles, providing laboratory evidence that characterized the nature of the discoloration as melanin for the first time.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feline corneal sequestrum: laboratory analysis of ocular samples from 12 cats

Featherstone¹,

Franklin

Sansom

2004

Veterinary Ophthalmology

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“…It is also possible that the deposition would have occurred even without the favorable environment created by the infectious keratitis. Animal models have shown that for pigment deposition to occur, oxidized adrenochrome and a susceptible corneal surface must be present, 6 a condition satisfied by our patient's persistent epithelial defect. Thus, based on our observations, patients using topical ibopamine eye drops should be carefully monitored for pigment deposition in the cornea, particularly in the presence of a compromised epithelial surface.…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 79%

Rapid corneal adrenochrome deposition from topical ibopamine in the setting of infectious keratitis

Bhosai

Lin

Greene

et al. 2012

Eye

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“…A similar change occurs in bullous keratopathy at the sites of rupture of epithelial vesicles [Cogan, 1940, The acid environment facilitates oxidation of topically administered 1 -epi nephrine [Krejci and Harrison, 1969]. Moreover, the application of partly oxidized I-epinephrine preparations to corneas with bullous changes, or where the epithelium has been repeatedly disturbed, caused earlier develop ment of corneal pigment deposition Harrison, 1969, 1970], The purpose of this study is to examine the pH changes of the tear film, the corneal surface and corneal stroma in rabbit eyes subjected to experimental trauma and elevation of intraocular pressure (IOP).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Tears, pH of Cornea, pH of Rabbits Intraocular pressure, increase of Experimental glaucoma incision of corneal stroma Abrasion of corneal epithelium In a previous study, Krejci and Harrison [1969] reported a fall of the pH at the sites of abraded corneal epithelium. A similar change occurs in bullous keratopathy at the sites of rupture of epithelial vesicles [Cogan, 1940, The acid environment facilitates oxidation of topically administered 1 -epi nephrine [Krejci and Harrison, 1969].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Changes of pH Associated with Experimental Trauma and Acute Elevation of Intraocular Pressure

Krejcí¹

1972

Ophthalmic Res

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The pH changes of the tear film, thecorneal surface and corneal stroma in rabbit eyes with normal and high intraocular pressure (IOP) associated with experimental trauma were followed. Highly significant differences were found between the pH of intact and injured corneas in eyes with normal as well as elevated IOP. The pH of tears of intact and injured eyes was found significantly different, especially in eyes with elevated IOP.

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Corneal Pigment Deposits From Topically Administered Epinephrine

Cited by 15 publications

References 7 publications

Feline corneal sequestrum: laboratory analysis of ocular samples from 12 cats

Feline corneal sequestrum: laboratory analysis of ocular samples from 12 cats

Rapid corneal adrenochrome deposition from topical ibopamine in the setting of infectious keratitis

Changes of pH Associated with Experimental Trauma and Acute Elevation of Intraocular Pressure

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