Corneal Power Change Is Predictive of Myopia Progression in Orthokeratology

Zhong, Yuanyuan; Chen, Zhi; Xue, Feng; Zhou, Jiaqi; Niu, Lingling; Zhou, Xingtao

doi:10.1097/opx.0000000000000183

Cited by 81 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…40 A study of orthokeratology also found that eyes in which mid-peripheral corneal steepening after orthokeratology was greater (presumably causing greater myopic defocus on the peripheral retina) had a greater slowing of myopia progression. 41 These studies support the concept that myopic defocus in the retinal periphery may act as a signal to slow myopia progression.…”

supporting

confidence: 61%

Spherical Soft Contact Lens Designs and Peripheral Defocus in Myopic Eyes

Moore¹,

Benoit²,

Berntsen

2017

Optom Vis Sci

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Purpose Peripheral retinal defocus has been implicated in myopia progression. The effect of commercially-available spherical soft contact lenses (SCLs) on peripheral defocus of adult myopic eyes was investigated. Methods Twenty-five young adults with spherical equivalent (SE) refractions between −0.50 D and −6.00 D were enrolled. Cycloplegic autorefraction (right eye) was measured centrally and ±20°, ±30°, and ±40° from the line of sight along the horizontal meridian using an autorefractor. Four commercially-available spherical SCLs (Biofinity, Acuvue2, PureVision2, and Air Optix Night & Day Aqua) were evaluated. SE defocus (M) was used to calculate relative peripheral defocus (RPD) while wearing each SCL and relative peripheral refraction (RPR) of the uncorrected eye. Spherical aberration (SA) changes due to each SCL were measured along the line of sight by aberrometry. Peripheral defocus was analyzed using repeated-measures analyses of variance (RM-ANOVA). The association between changes in axial SA and the change in peripheral defocus was evaluated using linear mixed models. Results The mean age (±SD) and central SE refractive error were 24.0 ± 1.3 years and −3.45 ± 1.42 D, respectively. PureVision2 did not change RPD (p=0.33). Significant myopic shifts on the temporal retina were found with three lenses: Acuvue 2 (−0.29 D at 30°; −0.80 D at 40°; both p≤0.01), Biofinity (−1.21 D at 40°; p=0.02), and Air Optix Night & Day Aqua (−0.23 D at 20°, −0.48 D at 30°, and −1.50 D at 40°; all p<0.004). All SCLs caused a negative change in SA. SCLs inducing less negative (more positive) SA changes were associated with a less hyperopic change in RPD. Conclusions Spherical SCL design can influence the peripheral defocus profile experienced by a myopic eye. Several, but not all, SCLs reduced peripheral hyperopia. Differences in how SCL types influence peripheral defocus may have implications for myopia progression.

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supporting

confidence: 61%

Spherical Soft Contact Lens Designs and Peripheral Defocus in Myopic Eyes

Moore¹,

Benoit²,

Berntsen

2017

Optom Vis Sci

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“…Baseline SE refractive error may provide a predictive factor in axial length change in myopic children corrected with OK, however previous studies have generated conflicting results in regards to its relationship with axial length change [16, 17, 20, 23–25, 28, 32]. We found that a higher baseline myopia was significantly associated with a reduced amount of axial length change following OK wear (R 2 = 0.0586, p<0.01, Fig 2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Factors related to axial length elongation and myopia progression in orthokeratology practice

Wang

Naidu

2017

PLoS ONE

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PurposeTo investigate which baseline factors are predictive for axial length growth over an average period of 2.5 years in a group of children wearing orthokeratology (OK) contact lenses.MethodsIn this retrospective study, the clinical records of 249 new OK wearers between January 2012 and December 2013 from the contact lens clinic at the Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University were reviewed. The primary outcome measure was axial length change from baseline to the time of review (July-August 2015). Independent variables included baseline measures of age at initiation of OK wear, gender, refractive error (spherical equivalent), astigmatism, average keratometry, corneal toricity, central corneal thickness, white-to-white corneal diameter, pupil size, corneal topography eccentricity value (e-value), intraocular pressure (IOP) and total time in follow-up (months total). The contributions of all independent variables on axial length change at the time of review were assessed using univariate and multivariable regression analyses.ResultsUnivariate analyses of the right eyes of 249 OK patients showed that smaller increases in axial length were associated with older age at the onset of OK lens wear, greater baseline spherical equivalent myopic refractive error, less time in follow-up and a smaller e-value. Multivariable analyses of the significant right eye variables showed that the factors associated with smaller axial length growth were older age at the onset of OK lens wear (p<0.0001), greater baseline spherical equivalent myopic refractive error (p = 0.0046) and less time in follow-up (p<0.0001).ConclusionsThe baseline factors demonstrating the greatest correlation with reduced axial length elongation during OK lens wear in myopic children included greater baseline spherical equivalent myopic refractive error and older age at the onset of OK lens wear.

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“…Peripheral hyperopic defocus has significance in the development of myopia in animal models and in recent work in humans, OK reduced peripheral hyperopic defocus compared with some designs of single vision spectacle lenses, which increase peripheral hyperopic defocus and over the naked eye of gas‐permeable contact lens wearers, in whom no effect was found upon peripheral refraction . Furthermore, in a recent study, corneal power changes induced by OK lens wear were predictive of myopic progression . More specifically, the latter study found that the larger the change in relative positive peripheral corneal power along the nasal, temporal and inferior cornea after OK treatment, the slower the axial elongation following 24 months of lens wear.…”

mentioning

confidence: 92%

The effects of entrance pupil centration and coma aberrations on myopic progression following orthokeratology

Santodomingo-Rubido

Villa-Collar

Gilmartin

et al. 2015

Clinical and Experimental Optometry

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Background:The aim was to assess the potential association between entrance pupil location relative to the coaxially sighted corneal light reflex (CSCLR) and the progression of myopia in children fitted with orthokeratology (OK) contact lenses. Additionally, whether coma aberration induced by decentration of the entrance pupil centre relative to the CSCLR, as well as following OK treatment, is correlated with the progression of myopia, was also investigated. Methods: Twenty-nine subjects aged six to 12 years and with myopia of -0.75 to -4.00 DS and astigmatism up to 1.00 DC were fitted with OK contact lenses. Measurements of axial length and corneal topography were taken at six-month intervals over a two-year period. Additionally, baseline and three-month topographic outputs were taken as representative of the pre-and post-orthokeratology treatment status. Pupil centration relative to the CSCLR and magnitude of associated corneal coma were derived from corneal topographic data at baseline and after three months of lens wear. Results: The centre of the entrance pupil was located superio-temporally to the CSCLR both pre-(0.09 ± 0.14 and -0.10 ± 0.15 mm, respectively) and post-orthokeratology (0.12 ± 0.18 and -0.09 ± 0.15 mm, respectively) (p > 0.05). Entrance pupil location pre-and post-orthokeratology lens wear was not significantly associated with the two-year change in axial length (p > 0.05). Significantly greater coma was found at the entrance pupil centre compared with CSCLR both pre-and post-orthokeratology lens wear (both p < 0.05). A significant increase in vertical coma was found with OK lens wear compared to baseline (p < 0.001) but total root mean square (RMS) coma was not associated with the change in axial length (all p > 0.05). Conclusion: Entrance pupil location relative to the CSCLR was not significantly affected by either OK lens wear or an increase in axial length. Greater magnitude coma aberrations found at the entrance pupil centre in comparison to the CSCLR might be attributed to centration of orthokeratological treatments at the CSCLR.

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Corneal Power Change Is Predictive of Myopia Progression in Orthokeratology

Cited by 81 publications

References 53 publications

Spherical Soft Contact Lens Designs and Peripheral Defocus in Myopic Eyes

Spherical Soft Contact Lens Designs and Peripheral Defocus in Myopic Eyes

Factors related to axial length elongation and myopia progression in orthokeratology practice

The effects of entrance pupil centration and coma aberrations on myopic progression following orthokeratology

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